EXERCISE IN THE LONG-TERM CONTROL OF CHILDHOOD OBESITY

肥胖儿童选择久坐不动，久坐不动 行为影响体重控制，因为它们与活跃竞争， 并为过量的热量摄入创造条件 我们最近展示了 加强孩子们减少久坐行为的能力， 上级的体重控制相比， 积极的，或加强的组合，增加积极和 减少久坐行为。 所有的孩子都表现出类似的改善 健身。 对积极活动的偏好增加最多， 这些孩子因为减少久坐行为而得到了强化。 这些结果表明，针对久坐行为的相关性， 改善儿童体重控制。 拟定的临床和实验室研究旨在了解 影响久坐与活动的选择的因素 替代品. 临床结果研究评估了 与上级体重相关的久坐或活动行为的变化 控制观察时，减少久坐行为，而不是 积极行为的增加得到加强。 肥胖儿童将 被随机分配到四组中的一组，他们被提供我们的标准家庭- 基于行为治疗计划，改变休闲时间的数量 允许的久坐行为或规定的运动量。 活动模式、活动偏好、摄入量、实验室评估 剧烈或久坐活动的相对强化价值， 将测量决策平衡和选择感知的措施 了解这些变量如何影响体重变化。 三 实验室研究提供了临床机制的直接测试， 我们发现的现象。 第一项研究测试了 加强久坐行为的减少，而不是增加 积极的行为;第二项研究测试的重要性，针对高 或低偏好久坐行为;第三项研究测试了三个 减少久坐行为的替代方法。 在每项研究中， 选择积极或久坐的替代品将被评估之前， 在实验程序已经进行了多天之后， 效果

Obese children choose to be sedentary rather than active, and sedentary behaviors influence weight control since they compete with being active, and set the occasion for excess caloric intake. We recently demonstrated that reinforcing children for reducing sedentary behaviors resulted in superior weight control compared to children who were reinforced for being active, or reinforced for the combination of increasing active and reducing sedentary behaviors. All children showed similar improvements in fitness. Preference for being active was increased the most for children who were reinforced for reducing their sedentary behavior. These results suggest the relevance of targeting sedentary behaviors to improve childhood weight control. The proposed clinical and laboratory studies are designed to understand factors that influence the choice of sedentary versus active alternatives. The clinical outcome study assesses the parameters of the changes in sedentary or active behaviors associated with superior weight control observed when a decrease in sedentary behaviors rather than an increase in active behaviors is reinforced. Obese children will be randomized to one of four groups who are provided our standard family- based behavioral treatment program, varying the amount of leisure time sedentary behaviors allowed or the amount of exercise prescribed. Activity patterns, activity preference, intake, laboratory assessment of the relative reinforcing value of vigorous or sedentary activity and measures of decisional balance and perception of choice will be measured to understand how these variables influence weight change. The three laboratory studies provide direct tests of mechanisms for the clinical phenomena we have identified. The first study tests the importance of reinforcing a decrease in sedentary behaviors versus an increase in active behaviors; the second study tests the importance of targeting high or low preference sedentary behaviors; and the third study tests three alternative ways to decrease sedentary behavior. In each study free choice for active or sedentary alternatives will be assessed before and after multiple days in which the experimental procedures have been in effect.