PSYCHOSOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL ADJUSTMENT TO HEARING LOSS

这项研究的长远目标是提供科学依据 为听力障碍患者提供康复服务。虽然 众所周知，听力损失对沟通有不利影响。 和心理社会功能，没有系统的或全面的 听力的心理社会和行为适应研究 减损。为了满足这一需求，我们将建立一个多中心 不同类型听障人群的临床数据库 成年人。研究1将评估沟通障碍、环境 加剧沟通问题的因素，行为应对 具有代表性的2500人样本中的策略和个人适应 听力受损的成年人。规范性数据将作为一项功能进行汇编 听力和人口统计因素的影响。在研究2中，1000例患者来自 研究1将在最初的9至15个月后重新评估 评估。后续样本将包括有 在此期间也没有接受正式的治疗干预 作为那些获得助听器和/或参与了 听力康复计划。成果衡量标准将包括 沟通与调适问题的再评估与评价 助听器的好处。接受的治疗的特点和 研究1中评估的个体差异将与 结果衡量标准。研究3探讨了调整的特殊性 取得同时处理措施引起的听力损失问题 在650例样本中对选定的心理结构进行分析。这些 将包括对抑郁、焦虑、社交回避和 痛苦，孤独，愤怒，非理性的信念，应对方式，以及 个人问题的解决。在研究中，4,550名听力受损的人 和他们的配偶将提供独立的问题报告 由听力损失引起的。这项对沟通和 适应问题将与人际沟通有关 生活方式与整体婚姻满意度和婚姻适应的关系。已被占用 这四项研究加在一起，将对基础研究做出重大贡献 关于行为、环境和心理社会的科学知识 听力损失的调整方面。他们还将允许 预测个体在调整方面的差异，并将提供 为制定全面有效的方法奠定基础 关于治疗的问题。

The long-range goal of this research is to provide a scientific basis for rehabilitation of individuals with hearing impairment. Although it is known that hearing loss has detrimental effects on communication and psychosocial functioning, there are no systematic or comprehensive studies of psychosocial and behavioral adjustment to hearing impairment. To address this need, we will establish a multi-center clinical database on a heterogeneous population of hearing-impaired adults. Study 1 will assess communication handicap, environmental factors that exacerbate communication problems, behavioral coping strategies, and personal adjustment in a representative sample of 2,500 hearing-impaired adults. Normative data will be compiled as a function of audiometric and demographic factors. In Study 2, 1,000 cases from Study 1 will be reassessed 9 to 15 months after their initial evaluation. The follow-up samples will include individuals who have received no formal treatment intervention during that period as well as those who have acquired hearing aids and/or participated in a program of aural rehabilitation. Outcome measures will include reassessment of communication and adjustment problems and evaluation of hearing-aid benefit. Characteristics of the treatments received and individual differences assessed in Study 1 will be related to the outcome measures. Study 3 addresses the specificity of adjustment problems associated with hearing loss by obtaining concurrent measures of selected psychological constructs on a sample of 650 cases. These will include assessment of depression, anxiety, social avoidance and distress, loneliness, anger, irrational beliefs, coping styles, and personal problem-solving. In Study 4, 550 hearing-impaired individuals and their spouses will provide independent reports of problems resulting from hearing loss. This assessment of communication and adjustment problems will be related to interpersonal communication styles and overall marital satisfaction and marital adjustment. Taken together, these four studies will contribute significantly to the base of scientific knowledge on behavioral, environmental and psychosocial aspects of adjustment to hearing loss. They will also permit prediction of individual differences in adjustment and will provide a foundation for the development of comprehensive and effective methods of treatment.