INFORMATION IN AUDITORY PATTERNS

描述：(改编自申请人的摘要。)有能力 声音中的处理信息每天都在演示，因为我们有意义 声学中复杂而连续的变化模式 我们遇到的信号。提出研究的目的是为了 通过正式的培训来更好地理解这种能力 辨别复杂、连续变化的能力的分析 语音以外的声学模式。有三个关键要素 这种方法。首先，所有的努力都由一个单一的 数学-方法论框架中的信息 模式被赋予了确切的含义，监听器的性能被 参照一个共同的理论标准进行评估。第二， 听众利用(权重)不同的相对程度 模式中的信息来源是通过逐个试验确定的- 对每个实验的数据进行试探性分析。第三，a 一种计算模型，该模型已对 过去许多研究的结果是在一代人中被吸收的 关于拟议实验结果的具体假设。 这三个要素结合在一起，实现了五个具体目标：(1) 提供导致以下原因的交互的正式描述 在一个声学维度上的变化，以干扰处理 另一种信息，(2)检验当前的信息理论 已提议用于说明非累加性的积分 多个干扰源的影响，(3)识别 有助于歧视的特定模式约束，(4) 评估听者检测复杂模式的能力 模式内的统计变异和协变，以及(5)到 调查合法变更声音的处理方法 真正的声源。在最后一个案例中，理论上的原则 声学被应用于重建声压波形 耳朵是由许多简单的共振物体产生的。这个 拟议研究的结果将进一步加深我们对 图案中的自然冗余有助于在噪声背景中进行检测， 以及侦听器如何处理组件之间的不变关系， 定义模式的动态属性，如语音和 其他有意义的声音。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted From The Applicant's Abstract.) The ability to process information in sound is demonstrated everyday as we make sense of the complex and continuous pattern of variation in the acoustic signals we encounter. The purpose of the research proposed is to achieve a better understanding of this ability through a formal analysis of the ability to discriminate complex, continuously-varying acoustic patterns other than speech. There are three key elements of this approach. First, all efforts are linked by a single mathematical-methodological framework where the information in a pattern is given precise meaning and listener performance is evaluated relative to a common theoretical standard. Second, the relative extent to which listeners make use of (weight) different sources of information within patterns is determined from trial-by- trial analyses of the data from each experiment. Third, a computational model that has made accurate predictions for the results of many past studies is recruited in the generation of specific hypotheses regarding the outcome of the proposed experiments. These three elements are combined to achieve five specific aims: (1) to provide a formal description of the interaction that causes variation in one acoustic dimension to interfere with processing of information in another, (2) to test current theories of information integration that have been proposed to account for non-additive effects of multiple sources of interference, (3) to identify specific pattern constraints that aid in discrimination, (4) to evaluate the listener's ability to detect complex patterns of statistical variation and covariation within patterns, and (5) to investigate the processing of lawful variation in sound produced by real sound sources. In the last case, the principles of theoretical acoustics are applied to reconstruct the sound pressure waveform at the ear as it is generated by a number of simple resonant objects. The results of the proposed studies will further our understanding of how natural redundancies in patterns aid detection in noisy backgrounds, and how listeners process invariant relations among components that define dynamic properties of patterns like those of speech and other meaningful sounds.