ORGANOTIN BIOCIDES

有机锡化合物是主要类别的杀生物剂，其用途范围从 海洋防污成分对马铃薯枯萎病的保护作用 涂料. 我们建议合成，结构和光谱 表征和评价新的有机锡化合物的杀生物活性。 我们将通过以下方法合成具有特殊活性的化合物： 功能性取代基，例如离子载体、二茂铁基。 合成将 使用PI实验室中完善的工艺。 将合成聚合物结合的有机锡以改变锡的速率 释放，安全使用有机锡的一个重要方面。 系统 取代到已知的有机锡杀生物剂（例如Ph 3SnCl）中将是有利的。 进行修改其活动，和基于计算机的结构/反应性 将开发模型来评估活动，然后设计新的 加强活动的结构分组。 有机锡的广泛使用 导致锡污染的河口和相关的沃茨，以及食物 链（农场饲养的鱼类和软体动物）。 因为一种分解方式 有机锡被认为是光化学的，我们将研究 已知的杀生物剂在土壤环境中的光化学，例如包封在 粘土，与正常溶液相比，可能会观察到不同的结果 光化学。 这些研究可以导致新材料的配制， 更好更安全的生物降解特性。 由于有机锡也是 据报道，作为抗肿瘤药物是有用的，所有系统将进行评估 对于这种活性沿着杀生物性质。 学生培训将涉及化学和微生物成分， 监督介绍，最后自我使用，光谱和 分析技术，如NMR、HPLC、GC/质谱和一般分析技术， 指导安全和合乎道德的生物医学研究。

Organotin compounds are a major class of biocide, with uses ranging from protection against potato blight to anti-fouling components of marine paints. We propose to synthesize, structurally and spectroscopically characterize, and evaluate for biocidal activity, new organotin compounds. We shall synthesize compounds that promise special activity by virtue of functional substituents, e.g. ionophores, ferrocenyl. The synthesis will be using processes well-established in the laboratory of the PI. Polymerbound organotins will be synthesized to modify the rate of tin release, a crucial aspect of the safe use of organotins. Systematic substitutions into known organotin biocides (e.g. Ph3SnC1) will be performed to modify their activity, and computer-based structure/reactivity models will be developed to evaluate activity, and then to design new structural groupings with enhanced activity. Widespread use of organotins results in tin contamination of estuarine and related waters, and the food chain (farm reared fish and molluscs). Since one mode of decomposition of organotins is thought to be photochemical, we shall study the photochemistry of known biocides in soil environments, e.g. encapsulated in clays, where different results maybe observed compared to normal solution photochemistry. Such studies can lead to formulation of new materials with better, safer, biodegradation properties. Since organotins are also reported to be useful as anti-tumor drugs, all systems will be evaluated for such activity along with biocidal properties. Student training will involve chemical and microbiological components, supervised introduction to, and finally self-use of, spectroscopic and analytical techniques such as NMR, HPLC, GC/mass spectroscopy, and general mentoring in safe and ethical biomedical research.