GENETIC ANALYSIS OF POLARITY

早期背核梯度的形成 果蝇胚胎是母体发育的最后一步 建立背腹两极的编码通路。这个 当响应腹侧信号时，形成核梯度， 不活跃的细胞质背部蛋白从其 抑制剂，仙人掌，靶向于细胞核。这些事件是 保存在幼虫的脂肪体中，果蝇在那里免疫 反应发生了，在脊椎动物中也有RE1的激活 蛋白质。脊椎动物REL蛋白在糖尿病的发生发展中的作用 肝脏、胸腺，以及在造血和免疫方面 回应。此外，Rel蛋白还控制着 像HIV这样的病毒。我们的项目集中在背侧通路上 果蝇早期胚胎发育。我们建议找出更多 在该途径中起作用的基因，特别是其 产品直接与背心和仙人掌互动。我们还提议 研究核蛋白磷酸化的重要性 靶向、梯度形成和背部的功能 蛋白。我们还将研究REL途径的功能，以及 Rel同源基因Dif在体液和细胞中的作用 免疫反应。

The formation of the Dorsal nuclear gradient in the early Drosophila embryo represents the last step in the maternally encoded pathway that establishes dorsal-ventral polarity. The nuclear gradient is formed when, in response to a ventral signal, the inactive cytoplasmic Dorsal protein is dissociated from its inhibitor, Cactus, and targeted to the nucleus. These events are conserved in the larval fat body, where the Drosophila immune response occurs, and also in vertebrates in the activation of Re1 proteins. Vertebrate Rel proteins function in the development of the liver, thymus, and in hematopoiesis, as well as in the immune response. In addition, Rel proteins control the expression of viruses such as HIV. Our project focuses on the Dorsal pathway in early Drosophila embryogenesis. We propose to identify additional genes that function in the pathway, in particular, genes whose products directly interact with Dorsal and Cactus. We also propose to investigate the importance of phosphorylation for nuclear targeting, gradient formation, and the function of the Dorsal protein. We will also study the function of the Rel pathway, and the function of the rel homolog Dif in the humoral and cellular immune response.