VULNERABILITY FACTORS AND ADOLESCENT DRINKING

本建议是对以下方面进行前瞻性纵向研究的第二阶段： 两代同堂家庭中的饮酒和其他问题行为 study. 研究的第一阶段包括四波面板设计， 1 000多名青少年及其主要照顾者， 每隔六个月举行一次。 第一次会议的主要焦点 阶段是使用寿命发展的观点来指导假设 关于多重和相互作用的脆弱性或风险因素， 有助于青少年问题行为的发展。 问题行为包括外化（例如，酒精和药物 使用，违法活动）和内化（例如，抑郁症状， 自杀行为）领域，以及一系列脆弱性因素， 测量的（例如，家族酗酒史，童年行为问题， 性格、家庭/朋友支持）。 目前的建议旨在扩大 这种多变量发展风险范式， 转换（例如，单身、学生）和精神病患者 在年轻的成年期的结果。 年轻人通常被描述为 饮酒行为的不稳定期， 事件（例如，影响饮酒和其他问题 行为。 与该项目的第一阶段类似， 脆弱性因素和内部化和外部化问题将是 测量以促进关于替代发展途径的假设 到成年早期的问题行为（例如，对于男性和女性， 对于从青春期开始的累积性问题饮酒者， 饮酒者）。 该项目这一阶段的一个扩展特征是 将母亲和父亲纳入同一个多变量 发展脆弱性因素/问题行为模型 青少年。 这将有助于纵向研究的一个相对 大的非临床家庭样本，并能够评估正在进行的 父母与子女之间的代际和双向影响 年轻的成年儿童。 与父母和成人直接面谈 儿童将被用于这一波的测量，包括一个 精神障碍访谈 用于研究的数据分析程序 纵向关系将包括结构方程建模， 潜在增长曲线建模、对数线性和潜在类别建模，以及 生存分析

This proposal is the second phase of a prospective longitudinal study of alcohol use and other problem behaviors in a two-generational family study. The first phase of the study included a four-wave panel design of over 1,000 adolescents and their primary caregivers, with measurement occasions spaced at six-month intervals. The primary focus of the first phase was to use a lifespan developmental perspective to guide hypotheses about multiple and interacting vulnerability, or risk, factors that contribute to the development of problem behaviors across adolescence. Problem behaviors included both externalizing (e.g., alcohol and substance use, delinquent activity) and internalizing (e.g., depressive symptoms, suicidal behaviors) domains, and a range of vulnerability factors were measured (e.g., family history of alcoholism, childhood behavior problems, temperament, family/friend support). The current proposal seeks to extend this multivariate developmental risk paradigm with a focus on role transitions (e.g., single-married, student-employed) and psychiatric outcomes in young adulthood. Young adulthood has often been characterized as a period of instability of drinking behavior, with salient transitional events (e.g., getting married) impacting on drinking and other problem behaviors. Similar to the first phase of this project, multiple vulnerability factors and internalizing and externalizing problems will be measured to facilitate hypotheses about alternative developmental pathways to problem behaviors in young adulthood (for example, for men and women, for cumulative problem drinkers from adolescence onward and later onset problem drinkers). An expanded feature of this phase of the project is the inclusion of mothers and fathers within the same multivariate developmental vulnerability factor/problem behavior model as the adolescents. This will facilitate the longitudinal study of a relatively large nonclinical family sample, and enable the evaluation of ongoing intergenerational and bidirectional influences between parents and their young adult children. Direct interviews with parents and with adult children will be used for this wave of measurement, including a psychiatric disorder interview. Data analytic procedures used to study the longitudinal relations will include structural equation modeling, latent growth curve modeling, log-linear and latent class modeling, and survival analysis.