The Development of Alcohol Use and Alcohol Disorders Across the Lifespan

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一份新的高级科学家研究与导师奖（K05）申请。申请人Michael Windle是埃默里大学（Emory University）罗林斯公共卫生特聘教授和行为科学与健康教育系（BSHE）系主任，他提议为三位杰出的终身教职员工提供指导。其中两名申请人是BSHE的助理教授，第三名来自附近的大学，过去三年一直受到申请人的指导。这三位学员都有优秀的出版记录，发表过关于酒精和其他物质使用的研究，表现出对追求NIAAA R01奖的兴趣，但没有人获得过R01级别的资助。其中两名学员目前获得了K01奖。所有三位学员都有兴趣进一步发展他们在酒精研究方面的知识，在他们的研究中使用先进的纵向统计方法，并在他们准备NIH申请时纳入基因-环境（GE）关系。对所有申请者来说，导师的目标包括在撰写有竞争力的资助申请、进一步发展学员的研究项目以及进一步关注更广泛的专业发展方面提供指导和支持，包括与学员一起提高他们作为研究生和博士后学员导师的效率。关于他的研究计划，申请人建议继续进行一项研究项目，将终身发展精神病理学的观点应用于酒精研究，特别强调了解酒精使用和酒精障碍在整个生命周期中的稳定性和变化(例如，从青春期到成年初期到青年期的变化；从中年到老年的变化)，饮酒状态随时间的变化（例如，轻度饮酒者到重度饮酒者；重度饮酒者到轻度饮酒者或不饮酒者），以及在整个生命过程中这些变化的时不变和时变风险和保护性预测因素。利用几个现有的和正在进行的纵向数据集，申请人建议继续研究影响不同时间和不同种族/民族群体酒精表型的发育病因因素。特别强调的是对前瞻性面板数据和GE关系的分析，这为研究与酒精表型相关的突出发育过程提供了新的机会，以一种高度精细和细致的方式，结合G和E因素及其随时间发展的相互作用。针对公众健康的酒精预防项目，最好的指导模式是将时间变化、遗传(G)和环境(E)因素的多样性结合起来，这些因素构成了酒精滥用和酒精障碍的病因学和时间过程。新一代科学家受到指导，具备进行此类分析的必要技能，这将迅速推动酒精研究领域的发展，并极大地促进减少未成年人饮酒以及在整个生命周期中相关的不良健康后果的努力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a new application for a Senior Scientist Research and Mentorship Award (K05). The applicant, Michael Windle, Rollins Endowed Professor of Public Health and Chair of the Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education (BSHE) at Emory University, proposes to provide mentoring to three outstanding tenure-track faculty members. Two of the applicants to be mentored are assistant professors in BSHE, and the third is from a nearby university and has been mentored by the applicant for the last three-years. All three of these mentees have excellent publication records, have published studies on alcohol and other substance use, have demonstrated interest in pursuing NIAAA R01 awards, and none has received funding at the R01 level. Two of the mentees currently have K01 awards. All three mentees have an interest in developing further their knowledge of alcohol studies, the use of advanced longitudinal statistical methods in their research, and the incorporation gene-environment (GE) relations as they prepare NIH applications. For all applicants, mentoring goals involve providing guidance and support with respect to writing competitive grant proposals, further developing the mentees' research programs, and a further focus on more general professional development, including working with mentees on their own effectiveness as mentors to graduate students and postdoctoral trainees. With respect to his Research Plan, the applicant proposes to continue to pursue a research program that applies a lifespan developmental psychopathology perspective in alcohol studies with particular emphasis on understanding stability and change in alcohol use and alcohol disorders across the lifespan (e.g., changes associated with transitions from adolescence to emerging adulthood to young adulthood; changes from middle-age to older adulthood), transitions in drinking status across time (e.g., light drinker to heavy drinker; heavy drinker to light drinker or abstainer), and the tme invariant and time-varying risk and protective predictors of these changes across the life course. Using several existing and ongoing longitudinal data sets, the applicant proposes to continue research on the developmental- etiologic factors that influence alcohol phenotypes across time and for different racial/ethnic groups. Specific emphasis is focused on the analyses of prospective panel data and GE relations that provide novel opportunities to study prominent developmental processes related to alcohol phenotypes in a highly refined and nuanced way that incorporates both G and E factors and their interactions as they unfold across time. Alcohol prevention programs for public health are best guided by models that ncorporate the time-changing, multiplicity of genetic (G), environmental (E) factors that underlie the etiology and time-course of alcohol misuse and alcohol disorders. A new generation of mentored scientists with the necessary skills to conduct such analyses could rapidly advance the alcohol studies field and greatly facilitate efforts to reduce underage drinking and associated adverse health consequences across the lifespan.