European Travellers to Wales: 1750-2010

这个跨学科和合作项目的目的是发现和评估迄今未研究的旅行帐户写的欧洲旅行者到威尔士从1750年至2010年。这一重要的研究领域一直被忽视，但对我们理解欧洲跨文化关系，威尔士身份的发展和威尔士旅游业的建立至关重要。拟议的研究将作为一个案例研究，以帮助进一步了解有关霸权/少数和/或周边/周边关系的问题。在充满活力的旅行写作领域，威尔士经常受到忽视。即使在有兴趣前往“凯尔特”国家，威尔士往往被忽视的艺术和批评的想象力，有利于苏格兰和爱尔兰。从世纪中期开始，旅行叙事作为一种流行的信息和娱乐来源出现，关于威尔士的写作经常被嵌入到“英格兰”旅行的记录中。目前的项目旨在重新定义威尔士的概念，质疑的概念，'看不见'往往归因于威尔士的情况下，并扩大视野向外，包括欧洲的看法。这将重新调整目前主要集中在前往威尔士的英国游客身上的辩论。该项目将通过分析较小国家（威尔士/布列塔尼）之间的关系，挑战旅行写作研究对“少数民族文化”的理解方式。这项研究将审查欧洲人从18世纪到21世纪对威尔士的看法，并试图确定它们对发展威尔士文化特性的影响，该项目将主要侧重于讲法语和德语的旅行者的文本，因为这些旅行者占大多数。然而，也将考虑来自欧洲其他地区和地球仪的叙述。该项目将分析以威尔士或威尔士文化为重点的游记、旅游指南、年鉴、报刊、私人信件、日记、创作作品和定期投稿。旅行者的定义包括那些为休闲、学术或商业目的旅行的人，以及那些长期留在威尔士的人，如流亡者和难民。最重要的是，英语文化在威尔士和欧洲旅行者之间扮演着调解人的角色。虽然大多数旅行文学的研究是单向的，这项研究探讨了一个三方的关系，从英国向外看大陆，然后考虑欧洲如何反映回威尔士的看法，以及这种看法是如何在威尔士本身。该项目将产生许多受益者感兴趣的产出。塔利、琼斯和威廉姆斯将共同撰写一本书。专注于从法语和德语文化的旅客，研究集中在历史的爆发点（政治流亡，革命，战争和浪漫主义）时，威尔士及其文化吸引了欧洲旅客的注意力。欧洲对威尔士的进一步观点和来自世界其他地区的观点将通过《旅行写作研究》杂志的特刊和项目结束会议加以考虑。研究助理和两篇博士论文是该项目的核心，将研究材料的范围扩展到文学反应（包括创造性和批判性），语言学作品和指南。将通过一个可搜索的在线数据库和一个网站向学术界和公众展示该项目更广泛的调查结果。将举办一个展览（实物和虚拟），同时还将为学校编制一系列教育材料。威尔士旅游局的一份简报将概述旅行者和游客对威尔士的期望。

The aim of this interdisciplinary and collaborative project is to uncover and evaluate hitherto unstudied travel accounts written by European travellers to Wales from 1750 to 2010. This important area of study has been neglected, but is central to our understanding of European intercultural relations, the development of Welsh identity and the establishment of the tourist industry in Wales. The proposed study will serve as a case study to help further understand issues relating to hegemonic / minority and/or periphery / periphery relations. Within the vibrant field of travel writing, Wales has often suffered neglect. Even where there is interest in travel to 'Celtic' nations, Wales has often been overlooked in both the artistic and critical imaginations in favour of Scotland and Ireland. From the mid-eighteenth century, which saw the emergence of the travel narrative as a popular source of information and entertainment, writing about Wales has often been embedded in accounts of travel to 'England'. The current project seeks to redefine perceptions of Wales by problematising the notion of 'invisibility' often ascribed to the Welsh context and by broadening perspectives outwards to encompass European perceptions. This will realign the current debate which has centred primarily on English travellers to Wales. The project will challenge the way in which travel writing studies conceives of 'minority cultures' by analysing relations between smaller nations (Wales / Brittany). The study will examine European perceptions of Wales from the eighteenth to the twenty-first century, and seek to identify their impact on developing Welsh cultural identity.The project will focus primarily on texts by French- and German-speaking travellers, as these constitute the majority. However, narratives from other parts of Europe and across the globe will also be considered. The project will analyse travelogues, travel guides, almanacs, encyclopaedias, private correspondences, diaries, creative works and periodical contributions which have Wales or Welsh culture as their focus. The definition of the traveller encompasses those travelling for the purpose of leisure, scholarship or commerce as well as those who remain in Wales on a more permanent basis, such as exiles and refugees. Central is the role of Anglophone culture as a mediator between Wales and the European traveller. While most studies of travel literature are one-directional, this study explores a three-way relationship, looking outward from Britain to the continent, then considering how Europe reflects back the perception of Wales and how that perception is then received in Wales itself. The project will result in a number of outputs of interest to a wide range of beneficiaries. Tully, Jones and Williams will produce a jointly-authored book. Focusing on travellers from French and German-speaking cultures, the study concentrates on historical flashpoints (political exile, revolution, war, and Romanticism) when Wales and its culture have attracted the attention of European travellers. Further European perspectives on Wales and views from other parts of the world will be considered via a special issue of the journal Studies in Travel Writing and the end-of-project conference. The Research Assistant and the two PhD theses are central to the project, extending the range of material to be studied to literary responses (both creative and critical), philological works and guidebooks. The broader findings of the project will be showcased to the academic community and the general public by means of a searchable online database and a website. An exhibition (both physical and virtual) will be staged, and a range of educational materials for schools will also be developed concurrently. A briefing paper for Visit Wales will outline what travellers and tourists want or expect from Wales.