ATTITUDE-BEHAVIOR PROCESSES, STRESS AND MENTAL HEALTH

这项研究的长期目标是了解个人如何 构建和科普他们的社会环境。 工作重点是 态度的功能价值，并审查的过程， 态度有助于简化心理健康个体的行为。 一个关于态度及其从记忆中激活的模型， 提出了 该模型的中心是关联的强度， 态度客体与对客体的评价之间的记忆 过去的研究发现，这种关联的强度决定了 态度从记忆中被激活的可能性 个人遇到的对象，这反过来又决定了 态度的力量和功能。 五个项目，每个项目都涉及一系列的调查， 各种理论和经验工作的延续 在过去的一段时间里， 项目一涉及 进一步测试PI最近提出的多重模型 态度引导行为的过程。 相对 基于自动姿态激活的自发过程已经被 与一个更加深思熟虑的过程形成对比， 将一个进程提升到另一个进程之上。 项目二 继续努力完善我们用来评估 自动激活的态度，它可以充分 作为一个间接的，不引人注目的措施，一个人的态度。 项目三的中心是无障碍态度的功能价值。 实验室实验和实地研究的最新结果表明， 展示了这样的功能。 项目三涉及继续执行 实地研究工作，调查了新生的适应情况， 大学生活和获得的证据的相关性访问 对心理健康问题的态度。 项目四解决了迄今为止 未经审查的问题，即成本的态度。 是 提出，可接近的态度可以离开个人， 思想封闭，不受态度对象可能发生的变化的影响， 随着时间的推移。 项目五探讨了态度的含义 说服力的典范。 计划中的实验侧重于 一种特殊的说服策略， 可从存储器访问，因此通常抵抗 反说服

The research has the long-term objective of understanding how individuals structure and cope with their social environments. The work centers upon the functional value of attitudes and examines the processes by which attitudes serve to simplify the behavior of mentally healthy individuals. A model concerning attitudes and their activation from memory has been proposed. The model centers upon the strength of the association in memory between the attitude object and one's evaluation of the object Past research has found the strength of this association to determine the likelihood that the attitude will be activated from memory upon the individual's encountering the object, which, in turn, determines the power and functionality of the attitude. Five projects, each involving a series of investigations, are proposed as a continuation of the various lines of theoretical and empirical work that have been pursued during the past grant period. Project I involves further tests of the PI's recently proposed model of the multiple processes by which attitudes can guide behavior. A relatively spontaneous process based upon automatic attitude activation has been contrasted with a more deliberative process, and the conditions that promote one process over the other have been specified. Project II continues efforts to refine the methodology that we have used to assess the automatic activation of attitudes to the point that it can adequately serve as an indirect, unobtrusive measure of an individual's attitude. Project III centers upon the functional value of accessible attitudes. Recent findings from both laboratory experiments and field studies have demonstrated such functionality. Project III involves a continuation of the field research efforts, which examined entering freshmen's adjustment to college life and obtained evidence of the relevance of accessible attitudes to mental health concerns. Project IV addresses an heretofore unexamined issue, namely, the costs of accessible attitudes. It is suggested that accessible attitudes can leave the individual rather closed-minded and impervious to changes that the attitude object might exhibit over time. Project V examines an implication of the attitude model for persuasion. The planned experiments focus upon the efficacy of a particular persuasive strategy for modifying attitudes that are highly accessible from memory and, consequently, typically resistant to counterpersuasion.