Creating recovery: a case-study of how autistic people, families, health professionals & artists in Peru can build inclusive learning through COVID-19

本案例研究探讨了如何调整基于剧院的创新方法，以使自闭症患者能够从COVID-19中恢复和全面康复。遗产（PI）将领导一项多学科研究，汇集学术界的专业知识和知识（艺术/人文/医学）、艺术工作者（包括秘鲁La Plaza剧团和英国Flute Theatre剧团）、自闭症患者及其家人、医护人员和民间社会组织。尽管疫情继续影响地球仪各地人民的生活，“患有自闭症谱系障碍的个体被确定为新冠肺炎并发症风险较高的群体的一部分”（Eshraghi et al.，2020年）。由于居家和社交距离协议使许多家庭无法获得急需的治疗，Flute开发了在线工作的创新方式，以建立适应能力，并使自闭症年轻人在COVID-19的背景下康复。Teatro La Plaza是拉丁美洲领先的戏剧组织之一。该剧院最近完成了一个为期两年的神经多样性剧院项目（演员和观众），该项目产生了国际知名的哈姆雷特制作，自2020年3月关闭以来，该剧院通过在线表演和虚拟工作坊吸引了超过70万观众。La Plaza热衷于使用Flute的在线表演策略继续与神经多样性演员和观众合作，为残疾包容性康复提供基于艺术的策略的发展。20多年来，Flute一直在开发Hunter Heartbeat Method，这是一系列基于神经节律和语言的感官戏剧游戏，由Kelly Hunter MBE创建，为自闭症患者提供表达自己的机会（见：https://flutetheatre.co.uk/changing-lives-of-people-with-autism/hunterheartbeatmethod/ https：//www.amazon.co.uk/cartares-Heartbeat-Kelly-Hunter/dp/1138016977）.本项目将调查如何将Flute的创新参与方法用于秘鲁讲西班牙语的戏剧制作人，测试拉丁美洲的自闭症患者及其家庭如何在整个流行期间获得艺术组织的支持，以减少社会孤立。由Flute和La Plaza开发的这份报告将通过观察、参与和与在阿根廷（Crear Vale la佩纳）、哥伦比亚基金会（Fundación Batuta）和巴西（Redes da Maré）工作的三个艺术组织的讨论来传播，这三个艺术组织是遗产建立的艺术和心理健康区域网络的一部分（https：//peoplespalaceprojects.org.uk/en/projects/building-concilience/）。然后，该网络将寻求建立更广泛传播和执行的机制。（2019-2021年）描述了四个相互关联的轴心或方法，将支持其方案：1）人权：保证国家的政治、法律的和道德责任，以保证尊重，保护和促进自闭症患者的权利，以克服影响他们的歧视性做法和社会不平等。2)平等：减少自闭症患者所经历的深刻的社会劣势，并考虑到性别和一系列其他社会经济或文化因素，这些因素会产生不平等。3)跨文化：尊重文化差异作为公正社会的支柱，意味着接受神经多样性作为人类状况的一部分。4)代际：制定干预措施，承认家庭中各代人之间的相互依存关系以及不同年龄之间相互关系的重要性。个案研究将探讨如何通过在艺术家、卫生保健工作者、邻居（即当地观众）、家庭和自闭症患者之间建立以社区为基础的伙伴关系来推进这些方法。

This case-study interrogates how innovative, theatre-based methodologies can be adapted to enable resilience to and inclusive recovery from Covid-19 by autistic individuals. HERITAGE (PI) will lead a multidisciplinary study that brings together expertise and knowledge from academics (arts/humanities/medicine), arts practitioners including Peruvian theatre company La Plaza and British theatre company Flute Theatre, autistic people and their families, healthcare workers and civil society organisations.While the pandemic continues to impact the lives of people around the globe, 'individuals with autism spectrum disorder are being identified a part of a group at higher risk for complications from Covid-19' (Eshraghi et al., 2020). As stay-at-home and social distancing protocol made access to much needed therapies impossible for many families, Flute developed innovative ways of working online to build the resilience and enable the recovery of autistic young people within the context of COVID-19.Teatro La Plaza is one of Latin America's leading theatre organisations. It recently completed a two-year neurodiverse theatre project (for actors and audiences) that resulted in an internationally acclaimed production of Hamlet and, since itstheatre was closed in March 2020, has reached over 700,000 audience members through online performances and virtual workshops. La Plaza is keen to continue previous work with neurodiverse actors and audiences using Flute's online performance strategies, to inform the development of arts-based strategies for disability-inclusive recovery.For over 20 years Flute has been developing the Hunter Heartbeat Method, a series of sensory drama games based on Shakespearean rhythms and language, created by Kelly Hunter MBE, offering autistic people an opportunity to express themselves (see: https://flutetheatre.co.uk/changing-lives-of-people-with-autism/hunterheartbeatmethod/ https://www.amazon.co.uk/Shakespeares-Heartbeat-Kelly-Hunter/dp/1138016977).This project will investigate how Flute's innovative participatory methodologies can be adapted by Spanish-speaking theatre-makers in Peru, testing how autistic individuals and their families in Latin America can gain access to support from arts organisations throughout the pandemic that reduces social isolation.The methodologies developed by Flute and La Plaza will be disseminated through observation, engagement and discussion with three arts organisations working in Argentina (Crear Vale la Pena), Colombia Fundación Batuta) and Brazil (Redes da Maré) who are part of a regional network on arts and mental health established by HERITAGE (https://peoplespalaceprojects.org.uk/en/projects/building-resilience/). The network will then seek to establish mechanisms for wider dissemination and implementation.Peru's National Plan for People with Autism Spectrum Disorder (2019-2021) describes the four interconnected axes or approaches that will underpin its programme: 1) Human Rights: to guarantee the State's political, legal and ethical responsibility to guarantee the respect, protection and promotion of the rights of people with ASD in order to overcome discriminatory practices and social inequalities that affect them. 2) Equality: to reduce the profound social disadvantage experienced by people with ASD and take into account gender and a range of other socio-economic or cultural factors which produce inequalities. 3) Intercultural: to respect cultural differences as a pillar of a just society means to accept neurodiversity as a part of the human condition. 4) Intergenerational: to create interventions that recognises the generational interdependence within families and the importance of reciprocal relations between different ages. The case-study will explore how each of these approaches can be advanced by establishing community-based partnerships between artists, health care workers, neighbours (i.e. local audiences), families and autistic individuals.