New Ways to Improve the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES): exchanging knowledge to protect wildlife and public health

鉴于冠状病毒大流行，全球野生动物贸易已被推入国际话语。随着关于是否全部或部分禁止这种有利可图的贸易的辩论激增，许多人认为这是必要的，我的研究可能会对环境、社会和政治产生重大影响。这源于我的研究为改进《濒危物种国际贸易公约》(CITES--规范野生动物贸易的主要全球文书)目前的实施和遵守情况提供的证据，以及发现该公约中的差距。这一后续供资项目承诺通过与新的利益攸关方和用户社区--生态健康联盟、联合国粮食及农业组织(联合国粮食及农业组织)、联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室(毒品和犯罪问题办公室)以及动物法研究中心合作开展知识交流和传播活动，进一步加强这项研究的影响。该项目是一次及时和重要的知识交流，并传播了我的领导奖学金“关于执行和遵守《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》的经验教训：最佳做法的三个案例研究”(AH/R002584/1)。在最初的项目中，我调查了如何改进国家CITES立法，以帮助遏制100万个物种的灭绝，部分原因是过度开发和非法野生动物贸易。我的与会者基本上同意《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》的实施和遵守是解决办法的一部分，但指出迫切需要扩大《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》的范围或寻求其他全球解决方案。此外，现在野生动物贸易和贩运(再次)与人畜共患病有关，例如冠状病毒大流行。这个项目旨在探索我的领导奖学金产生的意外和紧急影响的途径，以改善野生动物贸易监管：1.与新的合作伙伴(生态健康联盟、联合国人口基金、联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室和CALS)合作，对正在进行的辩论产生重大和变革性的影响：a.野生动物贸易、动物健康和福利与公共卫生之间的联系b.野生动物贩运是由腐败助长的跨国有组织犯罪c.野生动物的法律定义2.通过直接将原始项目数据分享/转移到相关利益攸关方的工作流，提高我的AHRC资助的研究的价值和效益。3.扩大我的领导研究金在公众参与和与冠状病毒大流行导致的野生动物贸易监管(CITES和其他新兴机制)不可避免的变化有关的政策形成方面的贡献。为了实现这些目标，我的项目有四个主要目标：1.与生态健康联盟、联合国人口基金、联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室和CALS共同主办与正在进行的关于野生动物的辩论有关的4个知识交流讲习班(目标1)。2.作为毒品和犯罪问题办公室的访问研究员，将原始项目的数据分享/转移到从业人员数据库和相关方案中(目标2)。3.根据我最初的项目(目标3)，开发毒品和犯罪问题办公室开放获取教育4司法模块。4.与一名经验丰富的记者合作，制作4个关于不断演变的野生动物贸易辩论和法规的简短纪录片(目标3)。知识交流和传播调查结果的对象是新的受众--在10个月的时间内影响政策的公众和超国家利益攸关方(而不是《濒危物种公约》和缔约方当局)。该项目的调查结果将通过政策简报、4个纪录片短片、一份执行摘要和1篇同行评议的期刊文章分享，其中载有共同主办的讲习班提出的共同政策建议。这些活动将通过我广泛的专业和社交媒体网络以及我的合作伙伴的网络进行宣传

The global wildlife trade has been thrust into the international discourse in light of the coronavirus pandemic. As debates surge in regard to whether or not to ban all or part of this lucrative, and many argue necessary, trade, my research has the potential to have significant environmental, social and political impacts. This stems from the evidence my research has provided for improvements to how the Convention on the International trade in Endangered Species (CITES - the main global instrument for regulating wildlife trade) is currently implemented and complied with, and discovery of gaps in the Convention. This Follow on Funding project promises to strengthen the impact of that research even further by developing knowledge exchange and dissemination activities in collaboration with new stakeholders and user communities-EcoHealth Alliance, United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (UNFAO), United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), and the Center for Animal Law Studies (CALS). This project is a timely and important knowledge exchange and dissemination of findings from my Leadership Fellowship "Lessons Learned on the Implementation of and Compliance with the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES): three case studies of best practice" (AH/R002584/1). In the original project, I investigated how to improve national CITES legislation in order to help curb the extinction of 1 million species due in part to overexploitation and illegal wildlife trade. My participants largely agreed CITES' implementation and compliance are a part of the solution, but indicated the urgent need to expand CITES' remit or seek other global solutions. In addition, now wildlife trade and trafficking have (again) been linked to zoonotic disease, such as the coronavirus pandemic. This project aims to explore unforeseen and emergent pathways to impact stemming from my Leadership Fellowship to improve wildlife trade regulation 3 ways: 1. To work in collaboration with new partners (EcoHealth Alliance, UNFAO, UNODC and CALS) to have a significant and transformative effect on the ongoing debates about: a. The link between wildlife trade, animal health and welfare, and public health b. Wildlife trafficking as a transnational organised crime fuelled by corruption c. Legal definitions of wildlife 2. To enhance the value and benefits of my AHRC-funded research beyond academia, by directly sharing/transferring the original project data to the workstreams of relevant stakeholders. 3. To enlarge the contribution of my Leadership Fellowship in terms of public engagement and policy formation related to inevitable changes to wildlife trade regulation (CITES and other emerging mechanisms) stemming from the coronavirus pandemic. To achieve these aims, my project has 4 main objectives: 1. To co-host with EcoHealth Alliance, UNFAO, UNODC and CALS 4 knowledge exchange workshops related to the ongoing debates about wildlife (Aim 1). 2. To share/transfer data from the original project into practitioner databases and relevant programmes as a Visiting Researcher with UNODC (Aim 2). 3. To develop an UNODC open access Education 4 Justice module informed by my original project (Aim 3). 4. To collaborate with an experienced journalist to craft 4 short documentary videos of the evolving wildlife trade debates and regulations (Aim 3). The knowledge exchange and dissemination of findings are targeted at new audiences-the public and supranational stakeholders influencing policy (not CITES and the parties' authorities) over a 10-month timeframe. The project's findings will be shared via Policy Briefs containing co-produced policy recommendations from the co-hosted workshops, 4 short documentary videos, an Executive Summary and 1 peer-reviewed journal article. The activities will be advertised through my extensive professional and social media networks as well as those of my partners