DEMENTIA IN SWEDISH TWINS

瑞典双胞胎痴呆症登记处的建立， 独特的资源，提出。 该项目具有双重目的：（1） 进行遗传和环境因素的研究， 阿尔茨海默型痴呆（DAT）的病因及表达 和其他痴呆症的患者 瑞典收养/双胞胎老龄化研究，2）改进方法 为扩大研究范围， 更大的瑞典双寄存器。 估计有80个活病例将 被识别和处理。 程序将包括心理 测量、医学评估、神经影像学检查和抵押品 访谈包括家族史和风险因素。 使用 登记联系和附带面谈，估计110个 将确定已故先证者。 双胞胎的生活和 已故先证者将接受与在世先证者相同的评估。 例 数据分析将回答以下问题：（1）什么 是阿尔茨海默病的遗传性 该问题将被 通过确定MZ和DZ双胞胎的一致率进行检查。 还将使用负债阈值模型。 (2)什么角色 基因和环境是否在DAT的表达中起作用？ 遗传易感个体 使用病例对照方法， 什么样的风险因素，如环境暴露， 识别？ (3)什么是负债的协变 不同类型的痴呆症？ 患有DAT的双胞胎 患上其他痴呆症和DAT的风险更高？ (4)分享相同的教养方式的相对重要性是什么 痴呆症的表现环境？ 该问题将被 通过比较分开抚养的双胞胎和 一起长大 我们打算继续调查 以纵向识别新的先前未受影响的 病例，绘制痴呆症患者的变化率，并 对痴呆先证者的双胞胎进行随访， 痴呆症的迹象。

The establishment of the Swedish Registry of Dementia in Twins, a unique resource, is proposed. The project has a dual purpose: (1) to carry out a study of genetic and environmental factors in the etiology and expression of demential of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and other dementing illnesses in a defined population subsample, the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging, and 2) to refine methods of case ascertainment in preparation for expanding the study to the larger Swedish twin register. An estimated 80 living cases will be identified and worked up. Procedures will include psychological measures, medical evaluation, neuroimaging, and collateral interview encompassing family history and risk factors. Using register linkage and collateral interviews, an estimated 110 deceased probands will be identified. Co-twins of living and deceased probands will receive the same assessments as the living cases. Data analyses will answer the following questions: (1) What is the heritability of Alzheimer's disease? This question will be examined by determining concordance rates for MZ and DZ twins. Liability-threshold models will be used as well. (2) What roles do genes and environment play in the expression of DAT in genetically-susceptible individuals? Using case control methods, what risk factors such as environmental exposures can be identified? (3) What is the covariation of liabilities to different types of dementia? Do co-twins of individuals with DAT have a higher risk of other dementing illnesses as well as DAT? (4) What is the relative importance of sharing the same rearing environment for the expression of dementia? This question will be assessed by comparing concordances in twins reared apart and twins reared together. It is our intention to continue the investigation longitudinally in order to identify new previously unaffected cases, to chart rates of change in demented patients, and to follow-up co-twins of demented probands in order to detect early signs of dementia among this highly at-risk group.