PIGMENT GALLSTONES: COMPOSITION AND FORMATION

本研究的目的是探讨两种主要的发病机制， 胆色素结石的类型：（1）含有钙盐的黑色结石 碳酸盐和磷酸盐，以及 蛋白质和（2）主要含钙的胆红素结石 脂肪酸盐和棕榈酸盐以及其它脂肪酸， 大量的蛋白质。 我们认为黑石头是通过 钙结合蛋白包埋钙盐 结石形成继发于胆汁淤积和/或感染， 脂质转化为通过沉淀而变得不溶的组分， 钙 本项目的目标是：（1）表征、定量和 用3 H检测蛋白质合成和分泌的调节 将葡糖胺掺入豚鼠的胆囊外植体中， 来自胆色素结石和胆固醇结石患者。 研究包括 调节细胞内和细胞外钙，以及对这些 衰老、致石饮食和停滞的性质。 (2)以利用 二维元素探针无创微区分析技术 氩气和氧气等离子体后的表面分析和ESCA表面分析 蚀刻，再加上扫描电子显微镜检查石头 nidation和growth. (3)利用傅立叶变换检测石材成分 转换红外光谱来回答以前无法回答的问题 如：胆红素在黑结石中的形态、胆汁的分布 酸之间的中心和周围的胆结石和位置 石头中的蛋白质

The purpose of this study is to examine the pathogenesis of the two major types of pigment gallstones: (1) Black stones which contain calcium salts of bilirubinate, pigment polymers, carbonates and phosphate a well as protein and (2) bilirubinate stones which contain predominantly calcium salts of bilirubinate and palmitate and other fatty acids with a small amount of protein. We have proposed that black stones form through entrapment of calcium salts by calcium-binding proteins while bilirubinate stones form secondary to stasis and/or infection which breaks down biliary lipids into components which become insoluable through precipitation with calcium. The aims of this project are: (1) characterize, quantitate and examine the regulation of protein synthesis and secretion using 3H glucosamine incorporation into gallbladder explants from guinea pigs and from patients with pigment and cholesterol gallstones. Studies include regulation of intra- and extracellular calcium, and effects on these properties of aging, lithogenic diet and stasis. (2) To utilize the non-invasive microanalytic techniques of 2-dimensional elemental microprobe analysis and ESCA surface analysis following argon and oxygen plasma etching, coupled with scanning electron microscopy to examine stone nidation and growth. (3) To examine stone composition utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to answer previously unanswerable questions such as: the form of bilirubin in black stones, the distribution of bile acids between the center and periphery of gallstones and the location of proteins within stones.