ACID AEROSOL EXPOSURE--ASSESSMENT AND HEALTH EFFECTS

这项研究将继续我们对酸的影响的研究 气溶胶空气污染暴露对人体健康的影响。无数个站点年数 环境空气中的酸性气溶胶、共污染物和气象数据现在 可供北美各地的各种社区作为 纽约大学和哈佛大学AIR最近的表现 污染暴露/健康影响评估研究。整体而言 因此，这项持续研究的目标将是采用新的 我们已经获得了关于酸的性质和赋存状态的知识 为了在环境中进行更广泛的 酸性气溶胶影响的回顾性流行病学评估 对人类健康的暴露。 我们建议分两个阶段进行这项研究：1)建立 人群暴露的回溯性估计的经验方法 对酸性气溶胶；以及2)这些暴露评估的应用 方法对现有的大型流行病学数据库进行检索。我们将使用 新获得的酸性气溶胶暴露数据建立概括性 估算过去人群酸性气溶胶暴露的方法和模型。 这将允许将模拟的酸性气溶胶暴露与 现有的大的、有质量保证的健康结果数据集 对这一可能性进行的一系列回溯性流行病学调查 酸性气雾剂对人体健康的影响。这些数据库将包括 来自NHANES II的全国肺活量测定横截面记录 HIS的发病率和美国人口普查的死亡率，如 以及加拿大安大略省1974-1983年的住院数据，由 贝茨和西托。这些统计调查针对不同的 酸性气雾剂可能对健康造成的影响将解决混淆问题 环境因素以及相互作用和/或相互作用的潜在贡献 与其他空气污染物的关系。因此，除了扩展方法之外， 可用于回溯性人体暴露评估，这项研究将 扩大地点和健康结果的范围 可以评估酸性气雾剂的影响。

This research will continue our investigation of the effects of acid aerosol air pollution exposures on human health. Numerous site-years of ambient air acid aerosol, co-pollutant, and meteorological data have now become available for a variety of communities throughout North America as a result of the recent performance of the NYU and Harvard University air pollution exposure/health effects assessment studies. The overall objective of this continuing research will, therefore, be to employ the new knowledge we have gained regarding the nature and occurrence of acid aerosols in the environment in order to conduct a wider range of retrospective epidemiologic assessments of the impacts of acid aerosol exposures on human health. We propose to conduct this research in two phases: 1) the establishment of empirical methods for the retrospective estimation of population exposures to acid aerosols; and 2) the application of these exposure assessment methods to existing large scale epidemiologic data bases. We will use the newly available acid aerosol exposure data to establish generalizable methods and models for estimating past population acid aerosol exposures. This will then allow the merging of modeled acid aerosol exposures with already existing large, quality-assured health outcome data sets for a wide range of retrospective epidemiological investigations into the potential human health effects of acid aerosols. These data bases will include the nationwide cross-sectional records for spirometry from NHANES II, for morbidity from the HIS, and for mortality rates from the U.S. Census, as well as the 1974-1983 Ontario, Canada hospital admissions data compiled by Bates and Sizto. These statistical investigations into the various possible health effects of acid aerosols will address confounding environmental factors and potential contributions by and/or interactions with other air pollutants. Thus, in addition to expanding the methods available for retrospective human exposure assessment, this research will broaden the scope of both locations and health outcomes for which the effects of acid aerosols can be assessed.