TEMPERATURE AND AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS ON HUMAN MORTALITY

温度和空气污染对人类死亡率的影响

• 批准号: 3253996
• 负责人: George Douglas Thurston
• 金额: $ 18.66万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-06-06 至 1995-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3253996
• 关键词: United States; air pollution; atmosphere /weather; environmental health; environmental stressor; epidemiology; human mortality; human subject; longitudinal human study; pollutant interaction; statistics /biometry; temperature

This research will quantitatively evaluate the relationships among daily mortality, temperature, and air pollution in the U.S. during 1980-1989. The first phase will be devoted to the acquisition, access, aggregation, quality assurance, and descriptive analyses of the voluminous mortality, weather, and pollution data to be evaluated in this work. City-specific exploratory, frequency domain, and time series regression analyses will then be performed on a select subset of U.S. cities, followed by a more focused analysis of the 40 largest U.S. metropolitan areas. Finally, the results of these multiple city analyses will be integrated using meta- analysis methods in order to derive robust assessments of the respective influences of temperature and air pollution on U.S. mortality.This proposed research addresses several key research needs in the epidemiologic assessment of the human health consequences of these environmental factors: the high quality and comprehensiveness of the data to be employed in this research will greatly improve the generalizability of the results versus those of past studies; this analysis will apply advanced time series statistical procedures in order to appropriately address the autocorrelations and crosscorrelations present in such serial data; more biologically plausible specifications of temperature effects will be employed, and; this analysis, encompassing nearly half the U.S. population over 10 years, will provide the first large-scale time series assessment of the effects of ambient air pollution and temperature on U.S. mortality. As such, this research proposal represents an important effort to advance both the epidemiologic methods and scientific knowledge available for the assessment of the human health consequences of these environmental stresses. These advances are of critical importance, given our society's concerns about present-day pollution and about possible future health impacts of global warming.

本研究将定量地评估日常生活中的关系