21-BBSRC/NSF-BIO Molecular dissection of symbiosis regulation of plant immunity

目前，粮食生产是通过不可持续的耕作方式实现的，包括使用大量无机肥料为作物生长提供必需的营养。这导致了生物多样性的丧失、土地质量的退化和环境污染。植物自然地与各种各样的微生物联系在一起，包括一些有益的微生物，它们可以感染植物的根，建立称为共生的互惠关系。固氮根瘤菌与豆科植物以及丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）与大多数陆生植物之间的共生相互作用。为了建立这些共生关系，植物必须将这些微生物视为朋友，而不是敌人，并调整它们的发育和细胞生理以适应微生物感染。共生还需要避免免疫过程，要么通过微生物的作用，要么通过植物的故意抑制。在这个建议中，我们发展了我们对植物对共生体的识别如何干扰植物细胞中的免疫过程的理解，以确保入侵的微生物不被免疫过程拒绝，而是作为共生体受到欢迎。

Food production is currently achieved through unsustainable farming practices including the application of large amounts of inorganic fertilizers to provide essential nutrients for crop growth. This has led to a loss of biodiversity, degradation of land quality, and environmental pollution. Plants naturally associate with a wide variety of microorganisms, including some beneficial microbes that can infect plant roots to establish mutualistic relationships called symbioses. Among the symbiotic interactions are those between nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria and legumes, as well as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with most land plants. To establish these symbioses, plants must recognize these microbes as friends, not foes, and adjust their development and cellular physiology to accommodate microbial infection. Symbiosis also necessitates the avoidance of immunity processes, either through action by the microbes or intentional suppression by the plant. In this proposal we develop our understanding of how plant recognition of symbionts interferes with immunity processes in the plant cell, to ensure that the invading microorganisms are not rejected by the immunity processes, but instead are welcomed as symbionts.