HUMAN YEAST ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME LIBRARY DATABASE

华盛顿大学遗传学医学中心拥有广泛的 酵母人工染色体(YAC)文库，由50,000多个克隆组成 插入大量的人类基因组DNA。这些克隆由 大学内外的调查人员都在研究这个结构 以及导致各种普通疾病的基因的功能。这个 克隆库规模和使用的持续增长威胁到我们的 管理图书馆和应对新的研究机会的能力。 我们建议建立一个全面的信息管理环境 这将有助于我们充分挖掘YAC图书馆的潜力。在……里面 构建这个信息管理环境，我们将解决一个 与其他生物医学直接相关的关键研究问题的数量 面临类似信息管理危机的研究实验室： 1.我们将制定一个详细的YAC文库筛选方案 将用作全面YAC克隆的概念模型的实验 代表整个实验室范围的信息系统 活动。 2.我们将设计一个概念数据模型和一个形式化的数据库模式 一个YAC图书馆信息系统，使技术和方法 YAC克隆方法的改变可以很容易地纳入其中。这是一个 信息系统开发中的重大研究问题 传统的数据模型假定数据库中表示的“世界” 是相对静态的。因为遗传学的快速发展 研究方法，我们的数据模型必须足够灵活 纳入新的发展。 3.我们将实施一个全面的数据库管理系统，派生出 来自正式的数据模型，以支持正在进行的YAC研究活动。 该系统将通过“序列标记”来识别克隆和引物对 网站“(STS)，并将促进协作研究安排 通过跟踪已发送到外部或从外部接收的克隆 并通过记录由这些机构提供的YAC结构信息 调查人员。 4.我们将建立一个强大的数据采集环境，使实验室 工作人员可以直接将实验结果输入信息 系统。其目标是消除对容易出错的抄写的需要 实验结果。 由遗传学家和医学计算机科学家组成的研究小组 将通过创建一个最先进、全面的YAC来实现这些目标 可访问的、有用的、可靠的 以及对技术变革的反应，这最终可能会成为 一个更全面的“分子遗传学”的中心组成部分 工作站。“

The Washington University Center for Genetics in Medicine has an extensive yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) library, consisting of over 50,000 clones with large inserts of human genomic DNA. These clones are used by investigators both inside and outside the University to study the structure and function of genes contributing to a variety of generic disorders. The continued growth in the size and the use of the clone library threatens our ability to manage the library and to respond to new research opportunities. We propose to develop a comprehensive information management environment that will help us to exploit the full potential of the YAC library. In constructing this information management environment, we will address a number of key research issues of direct relevance to other biomedical research laboratories facing similar information management crises: 1. We will develop a detailed representation of YAC library screening experiments to be used as a conceptual model for a comprehensive YAC clone information system which represents the entire range of laboratory activities. 2. We will design a conceptual data model and a formal database schema for a YAC library information system so that technological and methodological changes in YAC cloning methods can readily be incorporated. This is a significant research issue in information systems development in that traditional data models assume that the "world" represented in the database is relatively static. Because of the rapid improvements in genetics research methodology, our data models must be flexible enough to incorporate new developments. 3. We will implement a comprehensive database management system, derived from the formal data model, to support ongoing YAC research activities. This system will identify clones and primer pairs by "sequence-tagged sites" (STS), and it will facilitate collaborative research arrangements by tracking clones which have been sent to or received from outside investigators and by recording YAC structural information provided by these investigators. 4. We will develop a robust data acquisition environment so that laboratory personnel can enter experimental results directly into the information system. The goal is to eliminate the need for error-prone transcriptions of experimental results. A research team composed of geneticists and medical computer scientists will achieve these goals by creating a state-of-art, comprehensive YAC information management environment that is accessible, useful, reliable, and responsive to technological change, and that may ultimately serve as a central component of a more comprehensive "molecular genetics workstation."