SELF-REPORT DELINQUENCY: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY

反社会的中枢神经系统因素受到越来越多的关注 行为。研究报告称，犯罪者有多种证据表明 通过神经心理测试评估的认知缺陷，但 文学被小写N困扰，横截面设计，偏见来自 高度精选的被监禁对象，后临时使用测试进行研究， 以及未能证明犯罪缺陷的特殊性 本身，而不是其他伴随着犯罪的童年问题。 这个项目的目的是询问一些特定的模式是否 认知缺陷可能预示着犯罪行为，例如 第一次在大范围内使用自我报告犯罪行为(SRD) 未选择的出生队列和基于理论的研究测试组合，依次为 以避免出现早期研究特有的问题。被研究的队列 包括达尼丁(新西兰)多学科的1037个科目 健康与发展研究。神经学，健康学，教育学， 已经为队列收集了心理、社会和家庭数据 从出生起每半年一次。该项目的头3年，由美国国立卫生研究院提供支持 新的研究人员奖，包括当受试者被 13岁，迄今已发表了18篇论文。分析正在取得成果 有证据表明神经心理缺陷的模式确实存在 与青春期早期的SRD不同。此外，数据表明， 认知优势可能会保护儿童免受引发犯罪的环境的影响。 我们现在正在收集15岁的SRD和终身警察记录 17岁。这里提出的项目是一个后续项目，旨在收集 关于自我报告犯罪、对犯罪的态度、神经心理学的数据 功能、精神健康、药物和酒精使用、社会家庭、教育和 该项目的最终目的是测试 神经心理变量与其他相关变量的疗效 变量，用于区分没有犯罪的人、不再犯罪的轻微犯罪者 早期，以及继续发展为严重和累犯的违法者 少年犯职业生涯。对青少年犯罪相关模式的认识 认知功能障碍可能会为几个目标提供有用的信息： (1)加深对青少年犯罪成因的认识；。(2) 确定可能针对的具体赤字模式 预防性干预，(3)增加了越来越多的警告信号 及早识别有严重发育危险的儿童 犯罪的生活方式，以及(4)提供信息支持 三是理论建设。

There is a growing focus upon central nervous system factors in antisocial behavior. Studies have reported that delinquents evidence a variety of cognitive deficits, as assessed by neuropsychological tests, but the literature is troubled by small N's, cross-sectional design, bias from highly-selected incarcerated subjects, post-hoc use of tests for research, and failure to demonstrate the specificity of the deficits to delinquency per se, rather than to other childhood problems that accompany delinquency. This project was designed to ask whether some specific patterns of cognitive deficit are prospectively predictive of delinquent behavior, for the first time using self-reported delinquent behavior (SRD) in a large unselected birth cohort and a theory-based research test battery, in order to avoid problems characteristic of earlier research. The cohort studied comprises the 1037 subjects of the Dunedin (New Zealand) Multidisciplinary Health & Development Study. Neurological, health, educational, psychological, social and family data have been collected for the cohort semiannually since birth. The project's first 3 years, supported by a NIH New Investigator Award, consisted of data collection when the subjects were 13 years old, and has produced 18 papers to date. Analyses are yielding evidence that patterns of neuropsychological deficit do exist that relate differentially to early adolescent SRD. Also, the data suggest that cognitive strengths may protect children from criminogenic environments. We are now collecting SRD at age 15, and lifetime police records through age 17. The project proposed herein is a follow-up designed to collect data on self-report delinquency, attitudes toward crime, neuropsychological function, mental health, drug & alcohol use, socio-familial, education & employment, at age 18. The ultimate aim of the project is to test the efficacy of neuropsychological variables, in concert with other pertinent variables, for discriminating nondelinquents, minor delinquents who desist early on, and delinquents who go on to develop serious and recidivistic juvenile offense careers. Knowledge of delinquency-related patterns of cognitive dysfunction may provide information useful toward several goals: (1) Increased understanding of the etiology of delinquency, (2) Identification of specific patterns of deficit which may be targeted for preventive intervention, (3) Addition to the growing list of warning signs for early identification of children at risk for developing seriously delinquent lifestyles, and (4) Provision of information in support of theory construction.