Scattering studies of emergent phenomena at extreme conditions of magnetic field and temperature.

本提案要求为先前由EPSRC基金（批准EP/G027161）建造的17 T低温磁铁建造稀释冰箱插入件。这种低温磁体目前正在整个欧洲经济区的中子散射设施中使用，并可供与伯明翰没有联系的用户群体使用，我们将提供任何必要的支持。随着稀释冰箱插入，低温磁铁将能够覆盖更大范围的所需实验材料，而不会影响已经可以在2 K至330 K的温度范围内完成的工作。目前，这是可用于任何中子散射设施的最大水平磁场。由于小角度中子散射对许多研究团体都很有用，因此能够将低温磁体从一个设施移动到另一个设施，使其效用最大化，因为它不会在任何一个特定的机构中一直使用。目前，该设备已被用于研究铜超导体和铁基超导体的基本特性以及磁场对fd病毒胶体悬浮液的影响。我们建议用它来寻找铋中高场所带来的预期的单朗道能级效应，以及保利限制超导体和非中心对称超导体中的通量线和量子磁有序。通过将温度范围向下扩展近两个数量级，我们将能够将研究计划扩展到许多紧急凝聚态现象发生的区域。例如，重费米子超导体提供了由新的相互作用产生的非常规超导相的迷人例子。由于可以进入mK区，低温磁体非常适合这些材料的典型临界场，因此可以探索大多数超导相图。这也使得在重费米子和粒子材料中研究保利极限超导效应变得更加容易。此外，这笔拨款将支持我们自己和其他用户组使用cryomagnet的所有功能。例如，我们的一些合作者对使用低温磁体来扩展悬浮液中介观结构的磁排列研究非常感兴趣。我们还将在其他几个设施中调试低温磁体，包括同步加速器源，并由我们的合作者进行必要的调整。

This proposal asks for funding to construct a dilution refrigerator insert for the 17 T cryomagnet previously constructed with EPSRC funds (grant EP/G027161). This cryomagnet is currently being used at neutron scattering facilities throughout the European Economic Area, and is available for use by user groups unconnected with Birmingham, with any necessary support to be provided by us. With the dilution refrigerator insert, the cryomagnet will be able to cover a much larger range of desired experimental materials, without compromising the work that can already be done over the temperature range 2 K to 330 K. At present, this is the largest horizontal magnetic field available for use at any neutron scattering facility. Because small angle neutron scattering is of use to a large number of research communities, being able to move the cryomagnet around from facility to facility maximizes its utility, as it would not be in use full time at any one particular institution. At present, this equipment has been used, amongst other things, to study the fundamental properties of cuprate superconductors and iron-based superconductors and the effects of magnetic fields on colloidal suspensions of fd virus. We propose to use it to look for anticipated single Landau level effects brought about by high fields in bismuth, as well as flux lines in Pauli-limited superconductors and non-centrosymmetric superconductors, and quantum magnetic ordering. By extending the temperature range downwards by almost two orders of magnitude, we will be able to extend the research programme into a region where many emergent condensed matter phenomena occur. For instance, heavy fermion superconductors provide fascinating examples of unconventional superconducting phases arising from novel interactions. With the mK region accessible, the cryomagnet is well suited to the critical fields typical for these materials, so that most of their superconducting phase diagrams can be explored. This also makes it easier to investigate the effects of Pauli-limited superconductivity in heavy fermion and pnictide materials. In addition, this grant will support use of all of the cryomagnet's capabilities by both ourselves and other user groups. As an example, some of our collaborators are very interested in using the cryomagnet to extend studies of magnetic alignment of mesoscopic structures in suspension. We will also be commissioning the cryomagnet at several other facilities, including synchrotron sources, with necessary adaptations to be driven by our collaborators.