FOLLOWUP STUDY OF NEUROLOGICAL RISKS IN AMATEUR BOXERS

长期参与拳击运动可能会对大脑造成损害， 有争议，可能与更广泛的头部受伤问题有关。 在许多方面，业余拳击运动中发生的伤害， 不同于职业拳击，类似于那些发生在 其他运动和事故。 一项关于脑损伤是否发生在 业余拳击手和定量评估的潜伏期， 神经行为和其他变化由于损害有潜在的广泛 影响 1988年8月，我们完成了对486名业余拳击手的基线研究。 这项研究的目的是确定是否有变化， 神经心理学、神经学和神经生理学测量是 与拳击有关 这项研究的独特之处在于， 在任何明显的损伤迹象之前， 前瞻性，涉及拳击手的代表性样本，并利用 低至未暴露的内部对照组。 1988年8月，我们获得了美国国立卫生研究院（ROI NS 26450 -01）在该群体中进行第一次随访（FUl）研究。 我们只申请了一次随访检查的资金，因为 不确定性能够成功地遵循这一主要 市中心，社会经济地位较低，年轻男性人口。 到目前为止的随访率 (95%定位，83%重新测试）在这一人群中已经超过了我们的 预期 数据收集将于1990年8月完成。 我们建议在这段期间再进行两次跟进检查。 在原始基线研究后的4年和6年，相同的人群。 在基线和当前FU 1研究中，神经心理学， 电生理学和神经学测量已在4小时内完成， 考试 我们还建议扩展并最终确定暴露模型 目前正在开发中。 这项工作包括获得详细的 拳击手的比赛历史，记录的副本，以验证 主题报告，在对打条件下测量头部加速度， 并进行了一项研究， 使用结构式问卷调查他们所观察到的拳击风格。 在 收集到的数据，拳击风格报告在一个结构化的 面试是一个预测结果的较量。 一种改进的 数据很可能提供一个更有效和更普遍的替代， 以补充目前正在收集的其他暴露数据。

Possible long term cerebral damage from participation in boxing is controversial and may be relevant to the broader issues of head injuries. In many ways, the injuries that occur in amateur boxing, a sport vastly different from professional boxing, are similar to those that occur in other sports and accidents. A study of whether cerebral damage occurs in amateur boxers and a quantitative assessment of the latency to neurobehavioral and other changes due to damage has potentially broad implications. In August, 1988 we completed a baseline study of 486 amateur boxers. The aim of this study has been to determine if changes in selected neuropsychologic, neurologic, and neurophysiologic measures are associated with exposures from boxing. This study is unique in that boxers are identified before any apparent signs of impairment, it is prospective, involves a representative sample of boxers, and make use of a low to nonexposed internal control group. In August, 1988 we were awarded a grant from the NIH (ROI NS26450-01) to conduct the first followup (FUl) study in this population. We requested funds for only a single followup examination because of the uncertainties being able to successfully following this predominantly inner-city, lower SES, young male population. The followup rate to date (95% located, 83% retested) in this population has exceeded our expectations. Data collection will be completed in August, 1990. We propose to conduct two additional followup examinations in this same population, four and six years after the original baseline study. In both the baseline and current FU1 studies, neuropsychologic, electrophysiologic, and neurologic measures have been made in a 4-hour examination. We also propose to extend and finalize the exposure models currently under development. This work includes obtaining detailed histories of competition from the boxers, copies of records to validate subject reports, measuring head acceleration under sparring conditions, and conducting a study comparing subject reports on their boxing style using a structured questionnaire to their observed style of boxing. In data collected to date, the style of boxing reported in a structured interview is a predictor of the outcome of bouts. A refinement of this data is likely to provide a more valid and generalized surrogate of exposure to complement other exposure data currently being collected.