HYDROXYPROLINE-RICH PROTEINS IN PLAGIOCHILA ARTICA LEAF DEVELOPMENT REGULATION

单独的实验中，脯氨酰羟化酶的拮抗剂 并将其每种辅底物/辅因子提供给无菌的 北极扁唇兰发育植株的培养 也有同样的结果：通常被抑制的叶原基 在发展的早期阶段， 全尺寸的叶子 由于脯氨酰羟化酶的功能 系统是小脯氨酸翻译后转化为 peptidyl-hydroxyproline，我们初步得出结论，脯氨酰， 羟化酶抑制剂诱导的去抑制与改变 含羟脯氨酸蛋白（Hyp-proteins）的合成。 在绿色中广泛分布着两类Hyp-protein 陆地植物，每一种都有一种以上的蛋白质。 两 类在P. arctica中有代表性，但 目前还不知道每一类的代表。 我们在此提议： 1.找出每类Hyp-protein合成的数量 在P. arctica中; 2.为了更直接地检验假设， 我们使用的脯氨酰羟化酶抑制剂 北极熊中脯氨酸的翻译后羟基化;和3. 使用免疫组织化学方法来关联 存在/不存在在P. artica中鉴定的特异性Hyp-protein 抑制/去抑制叶发育。 这些对细胞抑制/去抑制的研究 发展与几个基本的生物学问题有关。 第一、 什么因素控制细胞增殖和细胞形状， 第二，这些抑制作用在进化过程中发挥了什么作用， 改变表型发育 简而言之，我们看到 表型由基因型发展而来的生物化学。 当抑制发生在组织发生过程中， 器官发生或个体发生在很大程度上决定大小。 哪里 相对于其他发展部分， 决定形状。 无论抑制发生与否， 决定了生长和发育是否是“确定的”， “不确定”或“正常”对“异常”（病理性）。

Separate experiments in which antagonists of prolyl-hydroxylase and each of its cosubstrates/cofactors were supplied to axenic cultures of developing plants of Plagiochila arctica (Hepaticae) had the same result: leaf primordia that are normally suppressed at a very early stage of development continued to develop into full-sized leaves. Since the function of the prolyl-hydroxylase system is the posttranslational conversion of petidyl-proline to peptidyl-hydroxyproline, we tentatively conclude that prolyl- hydroxylase inhibitor-induced desuppression is related to altered synthesis of hydroxyproline-containing proteins (Hyp-proteins). There are two classes of Hyp-proteins widely distributed in green land plants, each with more than one "species" of protein. Both classes are represented in P. arctica, but the number of representatives of each class is not known yet. We propose here: 1. to find out how many Hyp-proteins of each class are synthesized in P. arctica; 2. to more directly test the assumption that the prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitors we used are in fact limiting posttranslational hydroxylation of proline in P. arctica; and 3. to use immunohistochemical procedures to correlate the presence/absence of specific Hyp-proteins identified in P. artica with suppression/desuppression of leaf development. These investigations of suppression/desuppression of cell development bear on several basic biological questions. First, what factors control cell multiplication and cell shape and secondly, what evolutionary role these suppressive effects play in altering phenotypic development? In short, we are seeing the biochemistry whereby phenotype develops from genotype. When suppression occurs during the course of histogenesis, organogenesis or ontogeny largely determines size. Where suppression occurs relative to other developing parts, it largely determines shape. Whether suppression occurs or nor largely determines whether growth and development will be "determinate" vs "indeterminate", or "normal" vs "abnormal" (pathological).