Inclusive Data Visualisation for Human-Centred Decision-Making

数据可视化，其中信息以视觉形式呈现，现在在日常生活中无处不在。它们包括图表、地图、图解和绘图。可视化越来越具有交互性，允许用户实时选择、过滤、排列和导航信息。有些是多感官的，使用声音或物理形式来补充，甚至取代，信息的视觉呈现。数据可视化的一个主要目标是帮助人们做出决策，这包括我们在日常生活中做出的个人决策。这些决定包括如何前往目的地，去哪里度假，如何管理个人财务，如何遵循健康的生活方式，或者在即将到来的选举中投票给谁。然而，据估计，英国有220万人患有沟通障碍，而患有沟通障碍和其他残疾的人通常不会被考虑在数据可视化研究中。创建有效可视化的指导方针对观众的沟通和认知能力做出了假设，这些假设可能不适用于有沟通障碍的人。沟通障碍影响他们理解数字、单词和句子的能力，以及理解抽象信息的能力。这也将影响他们对数据可视化的访问，但我们对他们如何体验和访问数据可视化的了解非常有限。该项目的总体目标是调查和创建包容性的数据可视化，以支持有沟通障碍的人的个人决策。我们将通过调查有沟通困难的人如何使用和体验数据可视化进行个人决策来实现这一点。我们想知道什么效果好，人们面临什么障碍，他们采取什么解决办法。然后，我们将使用这些知识来设计和测试新的，包容性的可视化，并开发方法，指导方针和工具，以创建这些包容性的可视化。我们将重点关注两大类有沟通障碍的人，失语症患者和发育性语言障碍患者，而不是试图考虑所有的沟通障碍。该研究将由一个多学科的数据可视化，可访问性和言语和语言治疗研究人员团队提供，与项目合作伙伴和用户代表合作。研究方法将是共同制作和共同设计，患有失语症和发育性语言障碍的人将有助于了解可视化的可访问性，并将通过共同设计活动参与包容性可视化的设计。

Data visualisations, where information is presented in visual forms, are now ubiquitous in everyday life. They include charts, maps, diagrams and plots. Visualisations are increasingly interactive, allowing the user to select, filter, arrange and navigate the information in real-time. Some are multi-sensory, using sound or physical forms to supplement, or even replace, the visual presentation of information. A major goal of data visualisation is to assist people in decision-making and this includes the personal decisions that we make in our everyday lives. These are decisions such as how to travel to a destination, where to go on holiday, how to manage personal finances, how to follow a healthy lifestyle, or who to vote for in a forthcoming election. However, an estimated 2.2 million people in the UK live with a communication impairment and people with communication impairments and other disabilities are typically not considered in data visualisation research. Guidelines for creating effective visualisations make assumptions about viewers' communicative and cognitive abilities that likely do not hold true for people with communication impairments. The communication impairment impacts their ability to comprehend numbers, words and sentences, and to make sense of abstract information. It will also impact their access to data visualisations but we have very limited knowledge about how they experience and access data visualisations.The overall aim of this project is to investigate and create inclusive data visualisations to support personal decision-making for people with communication impairments. We will do this by investigating how people with communication difficulties use and experience data visualisations for personal decision-making. We want to know what works well, what barriers people face and what workarounds they adopt. We will then use that knowledge to design and test new, inclusive visualisations and to develop methods, guidelines and tools for creating these inclusive visualisations. We will focus on two major groups of people with communication impairments, people with aphasia and people with developmental language disorders, rather than attempting to consider all communication impairments. The research will be delivered by a multi-disciplinary team of data visualisation, accessibility and speech and language therapy researchers, working with project partners and user representatives. The research approach will be co-production and co-design where people who live with aphasia and developmental language disorders will contribute to new knowledge about the accessibility of visualisations and will participate in the design of inclusive visualisations through co-design activities.