Efficient Integrated Photonic Phase Shifters for Data/Telecom and Quantum Applications

日益快速和可靠的通信为工业、物联网和消费电子产品的运行提供了支撑，为信息和知识的交流奠定了基础。大多数业务依赖于光互连，它在数据中心、高性能计算和Internet之间提供高容量、低成本、低功耗的互连。根据思科的报告，到2020年，包括互联网在内的网络流量将增加到40zb。从数字的角度来看，从人类开始到2003年产生的数据总量是一个泽字节的0.5%。此外，不断增长的数据流量占2020年全球总排放量的12%。因此，开发具有更高容量和更低功耗的高效网络至关重要。该项目将有助于更高效的移相器，影响数据/电信和量子系统。本研究将利用砷化铟量子点的特性，包括1。展示用于高性能计算（量子）的低温光子互连的移相器的温度弹性：砷化铟量子点的温度弹性将优于使用量子阱的竞争开发。利用量子点对线位错的弹性和材料应力，将移相器集成到硅上，为硅光子平台带来更高效的移相器和调制器。由于它们的应力弹性，它们将优于当前的III-V量子阱单片集成方法。由于硅的调制效应弱，不可能生产出高效的移相器。另一方面，量子点表现出比硅更强的效应，增加了带宽并降低了功耗。这一发展将影响使用硅基光子集成电路（PICs）的商业光互连和当前依赖于它们的网络。此外，这项工作将有助于低温光互连的发展。该项目与1合作。2.卡尔顿大学（加拿大）；科罗拉多州立大学（美国）；4.巴黎高科（法国）；科克大学学院和廷德尔国立学院（爱尔兰）；VTT技术研究中心（芬兰）开发该技术。

Increasingly fast and reliable communications support the operation of industries, the Internet of things, and consumer electronics, underpinning the exchange of information and knowledge. Most services rely on optical interconnects that provide high-capacity, low-cost, low-power consumption interconnects between data centers, high-performance computing, and the Internet.According to the Cisco report, the network traffic, including the Internet, has increased to 40 Zettabytes of data in 2020. To put the numbers in perspective, the total data generated from the beginning of humanity until 2003 is 0.5% of a Zettabyte. Furthermore, the ever-increasing data traffic accounted for 12% of total global emissions in 2020. As a result, it is crucial to develop efficient networks with higher capacity and reduced power consumption.This project will contribute to more efficient phase shifters, impacting data/telecom and quantum systems. This research will exploit the properties of indium arsenide quantum dots, including1. the temperature resilience to demonstrate a phase shifter for cryogenic photonic interconnects used in high-performance computing (quantum): indium arsenide quantum dot's temperature resilience will outperform competing developments employing quantum wells.2. the resilience to threading dislocation, and material stress of quantum dots, will be exploited to integrate the phase shifter over silicon to bring more efficient phase shifters and modulators to the silicon photonic platform. They will outperform current III-V quantum well monolithic integration approaches due to their stress resilience. Due to silicon's weak modulating effects, it is impossible to produce efficient phase shifters. On the other hand, quantum dots exhibit stronger effects than silicon, increasing bandwidth and reducing power consumption.This development will impact the commercial optical interconnects using silicon-based photonic integrated circuits (PICs) and current networks relying on them. Additionally, this work will contribute to the development of cryogenic optical interconnects.This project partners with 1. Carleton University (Canada), 2. Colorado State University (United States), 3. Télécom ParisTech (France), 4. University College Cork and Tyndall National Institute (Ireland), and 5. VTT Technical Research Centre (Finland) to develop the technology.