SEALPTSC Strain and Photonic Engineering Toward Stable, Efficient, and Large-scale All-perovskite Triple-junction Solar Cells

太阳能是未来能源供应的核心，因为它的丰富和低碳足迹。与晶体硅等成熟技术相比，新兴的钙钛矿半导体提供了一条超越单结太阳能电池效率极限（33%）的途径，成本低，具有大规模生产的潜力。三结太阳能电池配对级联宽，中，窄带隙钙钛矿吸收剂可以提供超过36%的潜在性能。推动效率超过极限依赖于最小化每个子电池的能量损失和减少串联结构的光学约束。此外，必须解决钙钛矿的操作稳定性和可升级制造以充分发挥其潜力。该项目旨在开发可升级的全钙钛矿三结太阳能电池，其效率超过30%，稳定性超过1000小时。我将概述一个多学科的方法来提高宽带隙钙钛矿的稳定性和性能，开发低光损耗串联结构，并探索大面积的三结太阳能电池的制造技术。具体来说，一个多峰表征程序将被引入到揭示溶液处理的宽带隙钙钛矿薄膜的动态形成和纳米级应变。这些知识将使钙钛矿薄膜的可控生长成为可能，从而制造出具有良好光稳定性和宽带隙低能量损失的太阳能电池。同时，将开发新型纳米光子结构以增强窄带隙子电池的近红外光子响应。结合这些策略，我将制作效率超过30%的三结太阳能电池。最终，这些程序将用于生产全钙钛矿三结太阳能组件，其中可扩展的沉积技术将用于处理所有的电荷传输层，钙钛矿吸收剂和电极。

Solar energy is central to future energy supply due to its vast abundance and low-carbon footprint. Compared to established technologies such as crystalline silicon, emerging perovskite semiconductors offer an avenue to surpass the efficiency limit of single-junction solar cells (33%) with low cost and potential for mass production. Triple-junction solar cells pairing cascaded wide-, mid-, and narrow-bandgap perovskite absorbers could deliver potential performance above 36%. Pushing efficiencies beyond the limit relies on minimizing the energetic losses of each sub-cell and reducing the optical constraints of tandem structures. Furthermore, operational stability and upscalable fabrication of perovskites must be addressed to exploit their full potential.This project aims to develop scalable all-perovskite triple-junction solar cells with efficiency beyond 30% and stability for more than 1000 hours. I will outline a multidisciplinary approach to improving the stability and performance of wide-bandgap perovskites, developing low optical loss tandem structures, and exploring large-area fabrication techniques for triple-junction solar cells.Specifically, a multimodal characterization procedure will be introduced to uncover the dynamic formation and nanoscopic strain of solution-processed wide-bandgap perovskite films. The knowledge will enable a controllable growth of perovskite thin films, leading to the fabrication of solar cells with good photostability and low energetic losses at a wide bandgap. In parallel, novel nanophotonic structures will be developed to enhance the near-infrared photon response of the narrow-bandgap sub-cell. Combining these strategies, I will fabricate triple-junction solar cells with efficiency beyond 30%. Eventually, these procedures will be adopted to produce all-perovskite triple-junction solar modules, where scalable deposition techniques will be used to process all the charge transport layers, perovskite absorbers, and electrodes.