Urban Big Data

拟议的UBDRC将汇集国际上杰出的研究人员、数据资源以及地方和国家利益攸关方，以格拉斯哥大学(UOG)为基地建立一个独特的关联数据资源。通过与其他主要学术机构、数据拥有组织和其他科学、政府、第三部门和商业组织建立广泛的伙伴关系，UBDRC将：(I)建立一个世界领先的设施，以创建来自格拉斯哥地方政府当局和企业主的多部门城市联系数据资源；(Ii)提供出色的培训和研究支持服务，以确保数据的广泛利用；以及(Iii)提供知识转让和培训的战略方法，以建设能力并与政策、企业和更广泛的公众接触。UBDRC将通过获取地方政府、企业和其他来源的多部门关联数据，为研究贯穿各领域的城市问题和复杂的城市挑战提供独特的设施。这一愿景将通过以下方式实现：(1)数据服务：UBDRC将专注于汇集来自多个城市部门的大量独特的、难以获得的数据集，以创建一个相互关联的城市数据资源，以便进行全面和跨部门的研究。该中心将提供数据管理服务和必要的元数据，并向用户提供一系列数据访问服务，包括在必要时安全访问机密数据。(2)方法和社会科学研究：UBDRC将开发、测试和评估广泛的方法学方法，包括城市和区域建模、基于主体的模型、机器学习和其他方法，并将支持导致对城市系统提出新的横向理论见解、假设和理解的研究，从而促进对城市行为、过程和服务提供新模式的基础研究。数据资源将用于制定空间索引(或时间索引)的城市指标，这些指标涉及描述城市空间质量和特征的各种方面，以及城市进程的空间分布，例如环境风险、机动性和可获得性模式、住房和教育方面，以及描述城市地区的社会人口、经济、环境、建筑环境、自然和其他方面的其他方面。这些数据将进一步允许对广泛的城市部门进行政策研究，并得出城市治理和商业发展的多种方法。此外，还可以在能力建设、创新和学习战略方面得出新的见解，使公民更好地装备自己，迎接未来城市的各种挑战。(3)知识交流、外联和公众参与：UBDRC将成为日益扩大的英国和国际城市倡议网络中的一个重要节点。这些网络包括：国际城市研究和城市中心，国际研究网络，以及政府、私人、非营利组织和其他组织的网络。UBDRC将开展一项研究方案，以促进与数据资源使用有关的最新方法，以及应用城市研究流，以演示如何使用相关联的城市大数据资源，并获得对理论、规划和政策的理解。研究组1：方法研究：将开展一系列计算、数据管理、统计和城市分析项目，以使数据更容易获取和使用。第2组：城市研究项目(URP)：关于交通、住房、移徙和教育等实质性城市问题的研究项目将向数据所有者和政策制定者展示大规模、跨部门数据联系的价值，并为公共、私人和非营利决策者提供政策见解。

The proposed UBDRC will bring together an internationally outstanding combination of researchers, data resources and engaged local and national stakeholders to establish a unique linked data resource based in the University of Glasgow (UoG). Through extensive partnerships with other key academic institutions, data-owning organizations, and other scientific, governmental, third sector and business organizations, the UBDRC will: (i) establish a world leading facility to create an multi-sectoral urban linked data resource from local government authorities and business owners in Glasgow; (ii) provide outstanding training and research support services to ensure wide exploitation of the data; and (iii) deliver a strategic approach to knowledge transfer and training to build capacity and engage with policy, business, and the wider public. The UBDRC will provide a unique facility for researching cross-cutting urban issues and complex urban challenges by enabling access to multi-sectoral linked data from local government, business and other sources. This vision will be achieved by: (1) Data Services: UBDRC will focus on bringing together myriad of datasets many of which are unique and hard to obtain, from multiple urban sectors to create a linked urban data resource that allows comprehensive and cross-sectoral research. The centre will provide data curation services and the necessary metadata and provide a range of data access services to users, including, where necessary, secure access to confidential data. (2) Methods and social science research: UBDRC will develop, test and evaluate a wide range of methodological approaches including urban and regional modeling, agent-based models, machine learning and other methods and will support research leading to new cross-cutting theoretical insights, hypotheses and understanding of urban systems, thereby stimulating foundational research on new models of urban behaviour, processes and service provision. The data resource will be used to develop spatially-indexed (and perhaps temporally-indexed) urban indicators on myriad aspects describing the quality and character of urban spaces, and the spatial distribution of the urban processes, eg, on environmental risks, mobility and accessibility patterns, housing and educational aspects, and other aspects that desribe the socio-demographic, economic, environmental, built environment, physical and other aspects of urban areas.. The data would further allow policy research on a wide range of urban sectors and the derivation of a multitude of approaches for urban governance and business development. Additionally, new insights may be derived for capacity-building, innovations and learning strategies to better equip citizens to meet a diversity of challenges in cities of the future. (3) Knowledge Exchange, Outreach and Public Engagement: The UBDRC will be an important node in a growing network of UK-wide and international initiatives on cities. The networks include: international centres on urban research and cities, international research Networks, and networks of governmental, private, non-profit and other organizations.The UBDRC will undertake a research programme to advance the state-of-the-art of methods related to the use of the data resource, as well as an applied urban research stream to demonstrate the use of the linked urban Big Data resource and to derive understanding towards theory, planning and policy. Research Group 1: Methods Research: A series of computational, data management, statistical, and urban analytics projects will be undertaken to make the data more easily accessible and usable. Group 2: Urban Research Projects (URPs): Research projects on substantive urban issues such as transport, housing, migration and education will demonstrate to data owners and policy makers the value of large-scale, cross-sectoral data linkage and lead to policy insights for public, private and non-profit decision-makers.