MOLELCULAR BIOLOGY OF PHOTOTRANSDUCTION

我们鉴定了人和小鼠的S抗原基因，33K 来自老鼠和人类的蛋白质基因，以及来自人类的Shuzin基因。这个 测定了人和小鼠S抗原的基因序列。这个 S抗原基因全长约50kbp，含16个外显子 15个内含子，包含97%的内含子和3%的外显子。5‘-侧翼 这些基因的区域，大约1.5kbp长，没有已知的调控 转录元件，如TATA、GC或CCAAT盒。5‘- 人类、牛和小鼠基因的侧翼区域表达组织 体外和体内转录中的特异性启动子活性 在转基因小鼠中也进行了同样的检测。 从人和小鼠中分离出33K蛋白的两个基因，并 测定了它们的DNA序列。他们的基因大约有10个 长度为KBP。包含四个外显子和三个内含子。33K基因 蛋白质似乎代表了一个基因家族，至少有三个 具有相似序列的基因。 视网膜蛋白Shuzin的功能作用尚不清楚。几个 分离得到了cDNAs。对来自人和牛的基因进行了测序， 测定了人舒津的全基因序列。这个基因，它是 由两个内含子和三个外显子组成，具有高度的重复性 5‘-非编码区的序列。 我们构建了含有S抗原基因5‘侧翼的融合基因 细菌基因氯霉素乙酰的上游序列 转移酶(CAT)和显微注射含有5‘- 小鼠S抗原基因侧翼区与猫基因的整合 转基因小鼠。这些小鼠在视网膜中表达CAT活性，并 松果体，提示1300bp长的S抗原启动子 片段包含了足够的信息来引导适当的组织- 转基因小鼠中特异性基因的表达。此外，S的抗原是 在晶状体纤维和上皮细胞、小脑和 大脑皮层。这些结果表明S抗原在人卵巢癌组织中有表达。 比以前认识到的更广泛的细胞类型。

We have characterized the S-antigen genes from human and mouse, 33K protein genes from mouse and human, and a Shuzin gene from human. The gene sequences of the human and mouse S-antigens were determined. The S-antigen genes were approximately 50 kbp in length, contained 16 exons and 15 introns, and comprised 97% intron and 3% exon. The 5'-flanking regions of the genes, approximately 1.5 kbp long, had no known regulatory elements for transcription such as TATA, GC, or CCAAT boxes. The 5'- flanking regions of the human, cow, and mouse genes expressed tissue specific promoter activity in both the in vitro and in vivo transcription assays as well as in transgenic mice. Two genes of the 33K protein from human and mouse were isolated, and their DNA sequences were determined. Their genes were approximately 10 kbp in length. contained four exons and three introns. The gene of 33K protein seems to represent a family of genes and to have at least three genes with similar sequences. The functional role of the retinal protein Shuzin is unknown. Several cDNA's were isolated. Those from human and cow were sequenced, and the entire gene sequence of human Shuzin was determined. This gene, which is composed of two introns and three exons, has a highly repetitive sequence in the 5'-noncoding region. We have constructed fusion genes containing a 5'-flanking S-antigen gene sequence upstream of the bacterial gene chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) and microinjected a hybrid gene containing the 5'- flanking region of the mouse S-antigen gene and the CAT gene into transgenic mice. Those mice expressed CAT activity in the retina and pineal gland, suggesting that the 1,300 bp-long S-antigen promoter segment contains sufficient information to direct appropriate tissue- specific gene expression in transgenic mice. In addition, S-antigen was found in the lens fiber and epithelial cells, the cerebellum, and the cerebral cortex. These results indicated that S-antigen is expressed in a wider spectrum of cell types than previously recognized.