Resituating EU Law

对于联合王国在欧洲联盟内部或外部可以采用哪些治理制度，缺乏体制上的想象力。加入欧盟的支持者建议，如果欧盟要以目前的形式生存下去，就只能进行有限的改革，这是一种“别无选择”的语言。相比之下，支持退出的人设想的是一个没有制度和监管约束的世界，一个涅槃的世界。如果前者忽视了欧盟不断受到法律变化的影响，那么后者就没有解决联合王国和欧洲联盟之间的相互依存问题，而这种相互依存关系将继续存在，无论其成员地位如何。单一市场很可能是英国与欧盟之间任何关系的核心，因为它被那些希望留在欧盟的人视为核心，而相互依存使其成为英国最有可能退出的关系。因此，对未来关系的评估必须围绕这一点进行。这里有两个维度。首先，可取的是，看看联合王国和欧盟之间的任何单一市场会在多大程度上被联盟内现有的单一市场所掩盖。其次，有必要看看单一市场能提供什么。为此，这项研究比较了世界上最重要的三个单一市场：欧洲的欧洲经济区、东南亚的东盟和南美洲的南方共同市场。它着眼于公投中最有可能产生争议的问题以及之后必须解决的问题：政府的风格、范围和力度；它们如何影响国家自治和民主参与，以及它们如何处理围绕公民身份、移民和社会正义的冲突。这将允许就更广泛的一系列问题展开更具差异化的辩论，即在成为欧盟成员国的同时有什么可能性，以及如果退出欧盟，最佳现实的替代方案是什么。

There is a lack of institutional imagination about what systems of governance might be available to the United Kingdom within or outside the European Union. Proponents of membership suggest only limited reforms if the Union is to survive in its current shape, the language of 'There IS No Alternative'. By contrast, proponents of exit imagine a world free of institutional and regulatory constraints, the world of Nirvana. If the former ignores that the Union is subject to continual legal change, the latter does not address the interdependence between the United Kingdom and the European Union that will continue to persist whatever the status of membership. The single market is likely to be at the centre piece of any relationship between the UK and the EU as It is seen as central by those who wish to remain in the Union and interdependence makes it the most likely relationship in the case of exit. Assessments of future relations have, therefore, to be built around this. There are two dimensions here. It is desirable, first, to see how much any single market between the United Kingdom and the Union would be overshadowed by the existing single market within the Union. Secondly, it is necessary to see what can be offered by a single market. To that end, this research compares the three most significant single markets in the world: the European Economic Area in Europe; ASEAN in South East Asia and Mercosur in South America. It looks at the issues most likely to be contentious in the referendum and the ones which will have to be addressed afterwards: the style, scope and intensity of government; how they affect national self-government and democratic participation and they deal with conflicts surrounding citizenship, immigration and social justice. This will allow a more differentiated debate across a wider array of issues about what is possible whilst being a member of the European Union and what would be the best realistic alternatives if exit occurred.