Financial Inclusion and Digital Connectivity in Refugee Governance

该项目审查了难民治理方面的新趋势：用于现金援助的借记卡和数字连接举措。我们分析了这些技术在四个国家的吸收和挑战：希腊，约旦，黎巴嫩和英国。我们将这些国家包括在内，是因为每个国家都为难民治理和融合创造了创新的解决方案，但方式不同，结果也不同。我们的项目包括对该领域工作的组织的调查以及对人道主义和难民主导的倡议的深入案例研究。我们在四个国家开展工作，独特地能够识别技术人道主义的本地和全球趋势。该项目将与难民领导的组织合作，创造金融包容性和数字连通性的替代模式，并与国际利益相关者合作，克服排斥。作为第一个针对难民连通性和借记卡的跨国研究，这项研究在难民治理的背景下提出了及时和严格的干预措施，在那里，持久的难民被迫流离失所和流离失所，与之相匹配的是使用数字技术的快速变化和经常是实验性的政府方法。我们对难民的连通性和借记卡的研究描绘了它们的运作，影响和长期影响。我们的研究提高了对这些数字解决方案的理解，这些数字解决方案提供给难民，超越了宣传或轶事口号，将复杂的流程简化为加速和个性化援助的“创新”，或掩盖服务提供下的监视的“陷阱”。研究包括在四个国家进行的密集实地调查和参与式研究，这是一种创新方法，可以解决移民和难民治理研究的差距。在第一阶段，我们将调查采用借记卡和数字连接计划的组织。在第二阶段，研究小组将采访主要利益相关者、专家和政策制定者，以更好地了解这些举措的目标和挑战。我们还将举办范围界定研讨会，以规划由企业主导的参与性研究。在第三阶段，PDRA对希腊、约旦、黎巴嫩和英国的借记卡和数字连接计划进行深入的案例研究，以更好地了解当地环境如何影响实施。在第四阶段，PI/CI与企业领导的金融包容性和数字连接计划共同开展研究。在第五阶段，我们专注于数据分析和交流我们的发现。我们位于达勒姆的PDRA将负责为非学术受众制定我们的研究结果，并建立关系，通过这些关系传达现金援助，金融包容性和数字连接的变革方法。我们的研究设计和关系建设将使我们能够：1.了解希腊、约旦、黎巴嫩和英国难民的共同和不同的数字连接和借记卡做法。比较和概念化金融包容性和借记卡的做法如何改变难民之间的关系，东道国社区，非政府组织，国家机构和我们的研究站点，3。与政府主导的计划合作，发展创新的金融包容性和数码联通模式，并与主要持份者分享;及为关于金融安全组合、技术人道主义和难民数字化的概念辩论提供前沿的实证研究。

The project examines emerging trends in refugee governance: debit cards for cash assistance and digital connectivity initiatives. We analyse uptake and challenges of these technologies in four countries: Greece, Jordan, Lebanon and the UK. We include these countries because each has innovated solutions to refugee governance and integration, but in different ways with different outcomes. Our project includes surveys of organisations working in this field and in-depth case studies with humanitarian and refugee-led initiatives. Working across four countries, we are uniquely able to identify both local and global trends in techno-humanitarianism. Working with refugee-led organisations, the project will generate alternative models of financial inclusion and digital connectivity and work with international stakeholders to overcome exclusion.As the first transnational study of connectivity and debit cards for refugees, this research produces a timely and rigorous intervention in the context of refugee governance, where enduring refugees' forced displacement and destitution are matched by rapidly changing and often experimental governmental approaches using digital technologies. Our study of connectivity and debit cards for refugees maps their operation, effects, and long-term impact. Our study improves the understanding of these digital solutions offered to refugees beyond the promotional or anecdotal slogans that reduce complex processes to either 'innovations' that speed and individualize aid, or 'traps' that disguise surveillance under service provision.The research includes intensive fieldwork and participatory research in four countries, an innovative approach that addresses gaps in migration and refugee governance research. In Phase 1, we will survey organisations employing debit card and digital connectivity initiatives. In Phase 2, the research team will interview key stakeholders, experts and policy-makers to better understand the aims and challenges of these initiatives. We will also perform scoping workshops to plan participatory research with refugee-led initiatives. In Phase 3, PDRAs perform in-depth case studies of debit card and digital connectivity initiatives in Greece, Jordan, Lebanon and the UK to better understand how local context affects implementation. In Phase 4, PI/CIs co-produce research with refugee-led financial inclusion and digital connectivity initiatives. In Phase 5, we focus on data analysis and communicating our findings. Our Durham-based PDRA will be tasked with framing our findings for non-academic audiences and building relationships through which to communicate transformative approaches to cash assistance, financial inclusion and digital connectivity.Our research design and relationship-building will allow us to: 1. understand both common and diverse digital connectivity and debit card practices for refugees in Greece, Jordan, Lebanon and the UK,2. compare and conceptualise how financial inclusion and debit card practices changes relationships between refugees, host communities, NGOs, state agencies in and across our research sites,3. work with refugee-led initiatives to develop innovative models of financial inclusion and digital connectivity and to share them with key stakeholders, and4. contribute cutting-edge empirical research to conceptual debates on finance-security assemblages, techno-humanitarianism and refugee digitality.