Encounters and Displacements: Migrant labour, racism, and the state in Chile

自世纪之交以来，拉丁美洲由于该地区不同国家持续的政治不稳定、经济危机、暴力、土地稀缺、快速城市化和贫困，导致数百万居民流离失所。在这方面，许多文献侧重于拉丁美洲移民向全球北方的流动，较少关注该大陆内的全球流离失所(或南南移民)的影响。这个研究项目扩展了我在博士学位中探索的紧急主题，我的博士学位调查了在智利生活和工作的海地移民妇女的生活。基于18个月的人种学田野调查，我认为，海地妇女在一个新国家改变生活的努力，揭示了国家机构的责任和经济理性，基于该国过去军事独裁的遗产，制造了性别和种族主义形式的剥夺。我提出的研究试图通过出版物和演示文稿来巩固我的博士发现。我将分析海地移民妇女在智利的经历，以探讨移民和收容人口新身份的形成及其与该区域政治机构和经济安排的关系。基于在圣地亚哥与海地移民妇女、智利国家工作人员、政策制定者、私人雇主和支持移民的团体的实地工作，我将离开我之前的博士研究，分析流离失所对人们的中介形式、人格和归属感的影响。为此，这个项目试图从后殖民和交叉的角度，为人类学对国家和官僚机构、经济实践、身份、差异及其对人们生活的影响的理解做出贡献。我的主要目标是根据我博士培训期间收集的数据，通过从事不同的写作项目来发展我的学术生涯。在ESRC联谊会期间，我将通过基于论文起草一本书的手稿和完成三篇同行评议的文章来进一步发展我的博士研究中的新主题。此外，我将在英国和国外的学术研讨会和会议上展示我的工作和这些新研究进展的发现。我还将向非政府组织、公共组织和国际组织介绍我的研究成果，这些组织制定公共政策，以改善智利、拉丁美洲和加勒比地区拉美移民妇女的生活。我还将撰写一份新的博士后研究提案，旨在通过研究智利私有化的社会保障体系及其对老年妇女生活的影响，加深对智利国家机构和劳动力市场共同建设的人类学理解，并在全年向不同的资助机构提交该提案。

Since the turn of the century, Latin America has witnessed the displacement of millions of its inhabitants due to ongoing political instability, economic crises, violence, land scarcity, rapid urbanisation, and poverty in different countries of the region. In this context, much of the literature has focused on the movement of Latin American migrants to the Global North, paying less attention to the effects of global displacement within the continent (or South-South migration). This research project expands emergent themes explored in my PhD, which investigated the lives of migrant Haitian women living and working in Chile. Based on 18 months of ethnographic fieldwork, I argued that Haitian women's efforts to transform their lives in a new country revealed the responsibility of state institutions and economic rationales in producing gendered and racialised forms of dispossession based on the legacies of the country's past military dictatorship.My proposed research seeks to consolidate my PhD findings through publications and presentations. I will analyse the experience of migrant Haitian women in Chile to explore the formation of new identities, of both migrant and host populations, and its relation to political institutions and economic arrangements in the region. Based on fieldwork with migrant Haitian women, Chilean state agents, policymakers, private employers, and pro-migrant advocate groups in Santiago, I will depart from my previous doctoral research to analyse the effects of displacement on people's forms of agency, personhood, and senses of belonging. To this end, this project seeks to contribute to anthropological understandings of states and bureaucracies, economic practices, identity, difference, and their effects on people's lives from a postcolonial and intersectional perspective.My main goal is to develop my academic career by working on different writing projects based on data collected during my doctoral training. During the ESRC Fellowship, I will further develop emergent themes in my doctoral research through the drafting of one book manuscript based on the thesis, and the completion of three peer-reviewed articles. Moreover, I will present my work and the findings of these new research developments in academic seminar presentations and conferences in the UK and abroad. I will also present my research findings to non-governmental, public, and international organisations that elaborate public policies toward the improvement of the lives of Latin American migrant women in Chile, Latin America, and the Caribbean. I will also write a new postdoctoral research proposal that seeks to deepen the anthropological understanding of the mutual construction of state institutions and labour markets in Chile, through the study of its privatised social security system and its effects on the lives of older women, and present it to different funding bodies throughout the year.