DEVELOPMENT OF A CONCENTRATION TECHNIQUE FOR PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII

卡氏肺孢子虫（PC）是肺炎的一个重要原因， 艾滋病患者和其他免疫缺陷宿主。 特别 在后一种情况下，以及正在接受治疗的艾滋病患者， 五氯苯酚，存在的生物数量可能很少。 找到 这些罕见的囊肿通常是耗时和困难的。 它将 从而有利于病人护理和实验室效率 为了找到一种简单的浓缩肺孢子虫的方法， 特别是在支气管肺泡灌洗样本中。 这种方法 可以扩展到使用在Alpenta上，以提供侵入性较小的 诊断PCP的机制。 调查使用 在灌洗标本上制备的细胞离心涂片导致 确定该方法的最佳技术考虑 包括：要旋转的卷，要使用的过滤器类型，最佳速度， 常见的技术问题。 在解决了这些问题后，A 使用传统离心制备的平行研究比较 Cytospin制备的切片显示，检查一个小的 Cytospin载玻片的一个圆圈相当于阅读整个 用传统的离心法制备载玻片。 根据 在这些结果中，现在使用Cytospin载玻片代替 传统的制备方法。 还试图 发展利用痰液代替灌洗进行诊断的方法。 痰液质量比灌洗更易变， 含有更多的细菌和酵母比灌洗;他们也往往 更厚或更厚。 开发了一种方法， 二硫苏糖醇消化，rhozyme-tween消化， 浓缩PC的细胞离心涂片制备物， 保持足够的形态，以可靠地识别 有机体 该方法已被引入日常使用， 为了使那些可能需要支气管镜检查的患者 而不是从痰液样本中确诊。

Pneumocystis carinii (PC) is a significant cause of pneumonia in AIDS patients and other immunocompromised hosts. Particularly in the latter case, as well as in AIDS patients being treated for PCP, the number of organisms present may be very few. Finding these rare cysts is often time-consuming and difficult. It would thus be of benefit to both patient-care and laboratory efficiency to find a simple method of concentrating Pneumocystis, particularly in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. Such a method could be extended to use on sputa to provide a less invasive mechanism of diagnosing PCP. Investigations into the use of cytospin prepared on lavage specimens resulted in the determination of optimal technical consideration for this method including: volume to spin, types filters to use, optimal speed, common technical problems. After resolving these questions, a parallel study using traditional centrifuge preparations compared to Cytospin prepared slides showed that examining one small circle of the Cytospin slide was equivalent to reading an entire slide prepared by the traditional centrifuge method. On the basis of these results, Cytospin slides are now used instead of traditionally prepared slides. Attempts were also made to develop methods utilizing sputum instead of lavage for diagnosis. Sputum quality is more variable than lavage and frequently contains more bacteria and yeast than lavages; they are also often more mocoid or thick. A method was develop using a combination of dithiothreitol digestion, rhozyme-tween digestion followed by cytospin preparation which concentrates the PC but also maintains sufficient morphology for reliable identification of the organism. This method has been introduced for routine use in order to obviate the need for bronchoscopy in patients who can be diagnosed from the sputum specimen instead.