The Transitions of Young Workers in the UK Labour Market: Consequences for Careers, Earnings, Health and Wellbeing.

该项目将调查居住在英国的年轻工人在劳动力市场成功转型的能力，以及可能阻碍他们在职业生涯中取得进步的障碍。研究的动机问题是“年轻工人的劳动力市场转型如何影响他们的就业前景，在他们生命历程的后续阶段的身体健康和心理健康？以及如何增加年轻员工积极的、有能力的转变的可能性？'.尽管许多年轻工人在劳动力市场上面临的困难是长期存在的，但最近COVID-19大流行对年轻工人的负面影响进一步强调了这些问题的相关性。在欧洲劳动力市场辩论中具有影响力的“过渡”概念（Schmid，2008年; Salais等人，2011年），指的是工人在其生命过程中可能进行的与工作有关的流动（例如换工作、退休）。与年轻工人有关的研究往往侧重于两种类型的过渡：第一，从教育到劳动力市场的初步过渡;第二，未就业、未接受教育或培训的年轻人（NEET）过渡到工作的能力。虽然这些转变对我们的项目很重要，但它的主要重点将是年轻工人随后（和研究不足）的转变，包括工作之间的转变，工作内部的转变，以及低质量和高质量工作之间的转变。该项目还将研究早期劳动力市场经历对工人一生中的职业、收入和身心健康的影响，就业进展的障碍和促进因素（例如获得更好的工作），以及青年工人的过渡对其他家庭成员就业的影响。这些问题迄今很少受到注意。该项目将研究年轻工人在劳动力市场和职业生涯中取得进步的能力差异，比较性别、种族、族裔和残疾方面不同的人，从而加强对劳动力市场经验和结果多样性的理解。为了分析积极（例如获得更好的工作）和消极（例如从就业到失业）过渡的短期和长期后果，我们将利用涵盖大量时间跨度的纵向数据集。该项目还将通过调查数据和对英格兰两个城市地区--大曼彻斯特和谢菲尔德城市地区--的青年工人过渡生活经历的详细定性调查，将青年工人的经历与他们在英国的居住地联系起来。该项目除了对有关年轻工人、职业发展和与工作有关的健康和福祉的学术知识和辩论作出重大贡献外，还将与国家和地方决策者、从业者机构和其他利益攸关方定期交流知识，并将共同编制资源，以解决发展障碍和支持年轻工人的过渡。

This project will investigate the ability of younger workers living in the UK to make successful transitions in the labour market and the barriers that might prevent them from making progress in their careers. The motivating questions for the research are 'how do the labour market transitions of younger workers affect their employment prospects, physical health and mental wellbeing at subsequent stages of their life course?' and 'how can the likelihood of positive, empowering transitions for younger workers be increased?'. The pertinence of these questions has recently been further underscored by the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young workers, although the difficulties that many young workers face in progressing in the labour market are long-standing. The concept of 'transitions', which has been influential in European labour market debates (Schmid, 2008; Salais et al., 2011), refers to work-related movements that workers might make during their life course (e.g. changing jobs, retiring). Research relating to younger workers has tended to focus on two types of transition: firstly, initial transitions from education into the labour market; and secondly, the ability of young people who are not in employment, education or training (NEET) to transition into work. Although these transitions are important to our project, its main focus will be on subsequent (and under-researched) transitions made by younger workers, including transitions between jobs, within jobs, and between lower quality and higher quality jobs. The project will also examine the consequences of early labour market experiences for workers' careers, earnings and physical and mental health during their life course, barriers and enablers of employment progression (e.g. to better jobs), and the consequences of young workers' transitions for the employment of other family members. These are issues that have received little attention to date. The project will examine differences in the ability of younger workers to progress within the labour market and within their careers, comparing people who differ in respect of gender, race, ethnicity and disability and thereby enhancing understanding of diversity in labour market experiences and outcomes. In order to analyse the short and long-term consequences of positive (e.g. to a better job) and negative (e.g. from employment to unemployment) transitions we will draw on longitudinal datasets that cover substantial timespans. The project will also connect young workers' experiences to where they live in the UK through survey data and through a detailed qualitative investigation of young workers' lived experiences of transitions in two city-regions in England - Greater Manchester and Sheffield City Region. In addition to making substantial contributions to academic knowledge and debates relating to younger workers, career progression and work-related health and wellbeing, the project will involve regular knowledge exchanges with national and local policymakers, practitioner bodies and other stakeholders and will lead to the co-production of resources to address barriers to progression and support young workers' transitions.