Cell mediated immunity against RSV and influenza in a human experimental challenge model

流感和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是肺部感染的最常见原因。它们每年影响全世界约6.64亿人，估计分别造成50万人和16万人死亡。目前的流感疫苗每年都需要更换，以克服病毒的快速突变，目前还没有RSV疫苗。因此迫切需要进一步的研究。T细胞在控制病毒感染方面很重要，但它们在流感和呼吸道合胞病毒患者中的作用尚不清楚。此外，有证据表明，T细胞对RSV的反应并不完全具有保护作用，导致某些人感染同一株RSV病毒的多次感染。这项工作将在伦敦帝国理工学院彼得·奥彭肖教授所在的呼吸道感染中心进行。健康的志愿者将被感染RSV或一种减弱的流感病毒株，以便检查他们血液和肺分泌物中T细胞的反应。通过观察每次感染后T细胞的变化，并比较对流感和RSV的反应，我们的目标是确定有效T细胞反应的基本成分，以便它们可以用来制造更好的疫苗。

Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are among the most common causes of lung infection. They affect around 664 million people each year worldwide, causing an estimated 500,000 and 160,000 deaths respectively. Current influenza vaccines need to change every year to overcome rapid viral mutation, and there is still no RSV vaccine. Further research is therefore urgently needed. T cells are important in controlling viral infections, but there is not enough known about their role in humans with influenza and RSV. Furthermore, there is evidence that the T cell response to RSV is not fully protective, leading to multiple infections with the same strain of RSV in some people. This work will be carried out at the Centre for Respiratory Infection, Imperial College London within Professor Peter Openshaw‘s department. Healthy volunteers will be infected with either RSV or a weakened strain of influenza in order to examine the response of the T cells in their blood and lung secretions. By observing the changes in T cells following each infection, and comparing the responses to influenza and RSV, we aim to identify the essential components of an effective T cell response so that they can be used to create better vaccines.