EARLY ONSET PERIODONTITIS

早发性牙周炎（EOP）包括儿童和青少年中的许多牙周疾病，其导致牙周附着装置的快速破坏，从而导致明显的牙齿脱落。据估计，非裔美国人的EOP患病率为0%，西班牙裔为5%，而非裔美国人的EOP患病率为1.3%。在13-17岁的美国学龄儿童中进行的一项全国性调查中，白色青少年中的这一比例为2.1%，而在作为NHANES III的一部分进行研究的同一年龄组中，这一比例为2.1%。虽然EOP的危险因素进行了调查，EOP和蛾的微生物和临床特征之间的关系，乳牙列和儿童全身健康的影响是未知的。此外，在系统性损害儿童，如人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV感染）的发生EOP，仍然没有探索。我们提出了一项为期3年的横断面研究，以评估EOP的相关性和特定风险因素，并调查塞内加尔EOP的临床特征，微生物传播模式以及与EOP相关的口腔和全身健康风险，我们目前正在对平均有5个4至17岁儿童的妇女进行研究，为了评估以下具体目标：（1）通过评估人口统计学因素、儿童和母亲的健康史以及综合口腔检查的结果（包括牙龈炎症和龋齿、缺失和填充牙齿的测量），确定塞内加尔儿科人群中EOP的特定风险因素;（2）比较EOP患儿与非EOP患儿牙周特异性致病菌的感染率及免疫应答情况。此外，我们建议评估是否有特定的牙周细菌蛾的儿童具有可比的微生物模式，并比较儿童与EOP和没有特定的牙周病原体的体液免疫反应。我们将检查1 100名塞内加尔儿童的母亲目前正在进行的研究。将通过探针测量所有牙齿（不包括第三磨牙）来评估是否存在EOP。母亲将接受标准化的面试，儿童将接受口腔检查，并收集纸笔和血液样本。将拍摄咬翼片X线片（在3岁以上的EOP儿童中）以评估骨丢失程度。这项研究将提供重要的信息，这可能是有用的设计策略，以预防牙周炎。

Early onset periodontitis (EOP) encompasses a number of periodontal diseases in children and adolescents that result in rapid destruction of the periodontal attachment apparatus leading to pronounced tooth loss. The prevalence of EOP was estimated to be 0% among African-American, 5% among Hispanic, and 1.3? among white adolescents in a national survey among U.S. school children between the ages of 13-17, and 2.1% among the same age group studied as part of NHANES III. Although risk factors for EOP were investigated, relationships between EOP and the microbiological and clinical characteristics of the moth, and effects of the primary dentition and systemic health of children are unknown. Moreover, the occurrence of EOP in systematically compromised children, such as those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV infection), remain unexplored. We propose a 3 year cross-sectional study to assess the correlates of, and specific risk factors for EOP, and to investigate the clinical features, microbial patterns of transmission, and risk to oral and systemic health associated with EOP in Senegal,, a site where we currently have ongoing studies among women who have on average 5 children between the ages of 4 and 17, in order to evaluate the following specific aims: (1) Determine specific risk factors for EOP in a Senegalese pediatric population by evaluating demographic factors, health history of both the child and mother, and findings from comprehensive oral examinations including measurements of gingival inflammation and decayed, missing and filled teeth; and (2) Compare the prevalence of specific periodontal bacterial pathogens, and the immune responsiveness to those pathogens among children with and without EOP. Furthermore, we propose to assess whether children of moths with specific periodontal bacteria have comparable microbial patterns, and compare children with and without EOP with respect to humoral immune response to specific periodontal pathogens. We will examine 1,100 Senegalese children of mothers currently being followed in ongoing studies. Presence of EOP will be assessed by probe measurements of all teeth, exclusive of the third molars. Mothers will undergo a standardized interview, and children will undergo oral examination and have paperpoint and blood samples collected. Bitewing radiographs (among children greater than 3 years of age with EOP) will be taken to assess the degree of bone loss. The proposed study will contribute important information which may be useful in designing strategies to prevent periodontitis.