RESTRAINT & ATTRIBUTIONS--RISK FACTORS IN ALCOHOL ABUSE

申请人摘要：我们寻求继续研究饮酒限制 (i.e.,控制酒精消费的优先考虑）。 饮酒者 高度克制试图保持一个平衡之间的诱惑喝酒 和摄入量的调节。 当他们为自己的行为自责时， 违反饮酒限制，他们会受到负面影响， 继续喝酒来修复自己的情绪，从而饮酒过量。 我们 饮酒节制与戒/限违反效应的研究 (AVE/LVE）包括调查、实验室和实地研究， 已经找到了对刚才描述的过程的支持。 我们提出了三 研究中，饮酒限制和LVE将在两个 “高风险”人群：“未成年饮酒者”（18-20岁）和成年人 (ages 21-35岁），有和没有问题饮酒的家族史。 我们还计划修改我们的饮酒归因方式的测量，以评估 “可控性”。 研究I将重点关注年轻成年饮酒者（18-20岁）。 虽然 法律禁止饮酒，许多人饮酒过量。 因此，他们可能 体验饮酒诱惑的克制循环（规范，期望） 以及对摄入量的管制（负面后果、法律的制裁）。 一个子集 的研究I参与者，高和低的诱惑（一个方面， 约束），将被选择为研究2，其中涉及深入的 检查LVE。 研究3的重点是限制和家族史， 酗酒问题 有酗酒背景的人可能 被酒精吸引（家庭模式），但暴露于负面后果 可能会引起人们对自己潜在的饮酒问题的担忧。 这些 人们的担忧导致人们试图控制酒精摄入量。 在两个种群中， 重复约束周期可能会增加酒精的风险 问题 研究2和3将继续使用创新技术， 自我监测计算机（电子日记-艾德），以评估与饮酒有关的 自然环境中的变量。 艾德的数据可以让我们 研究节制和LVE对过度饮酒的影响。

APPLICANT'S ABSTRACT: We seek to continue research on drinking restraint (i.e., the preoccupation with controlling alcohol consumption). Drinkers high in restraint try to maintain a balance between the temptation to drink and the regulation of intake. When they make self-blaming attributions for violating their limits on drinking, they experience negative affect, and may continue to drink to repair their mood, thereby drinking to excess. Our research on drinking restraint and the Abstinence/Limit Violation Effect (AVE/LVE) has included survey, laboratory, and field studies in which we have found support for the processes just described. We propose three studies in which drinking restraint and the LVE will be examined in two "high risk" populations: "underage drinkers" (ages 18-20 years) and adults (ages 21-35 years) with and without a family history of problem drinking. We also plan to modify our measure of drinking attributional style to assess "controllability". Study I will focus on young adult drinkers (ages 18-20 years). Although legally prohibited from drinking, many drink to excess. Thus, they may experience the restraint cycle of temptation to drink (norms, expectancies) and regulation of intake (negative consequences, legal sanctions). A subset of Study I participants, high and low in temptation (an aspect of restraint), will be selected for Study 2, which involves an in-depth examination of the LVE. Study 3 focuses on restraint and family history of problem drinking. Persons from problem drinking backgrounds may be attracted to alcohol (family models) yet exposure to negative consequences may raise concerns about their own potential for problem drinking. These concerns lead to attempts to regulate alcohol intake. In both populations, repetitions of the restraint cycle may increase the risk for alcohol problems. Studies 2 and 3 will continue our use of an innovative technology, the self-monitoring computer (Electronic Diary- ED), to assess drinking-related variables in the natural environment. Data from the ED will allow us to examine the contributions of restraint and the LVE to excessive drinking.