Violence, Health and Society

暴力对健康造成危害，特别是对精神健康造成长期危害。心理健康受到暴力的严重影响。这些对精神健康的危害可能比对身体健康的直接危害更持久。它们的后果会在一个人的一生中回荡，影响他们在社会中的运作，并产生进一步的后果。减少这些心理健康不良的“上游”决定因素将大大改善人口的健康。调查减少暴力暴露的潜在干预措施的有效性是该建议的核心。在暴力领域，我们对家庭暴力和性暴力特别感兴趣，因为它们是造成心理健康不平等的重要原因。我们解决如何在多个部门将这些问题纳入主流，而不是将其视为专门关注的问题。我们联盟的目标是在比以前更高和更早的阶段将预防暴力纳入主流。多个机构与预防暴力有关。它们不仅包括保健服务，还包括执法（大多数暴力都是犯罪）、社会服务（对儿童保护尤其重要）、专门服务（帮助暴力受害者/幸存者的第三部门组织）以及与法律、政策和数据质量有关的政府机构。暴力与精神疾病之间的联系是复杂的，因为它们受到许多社会制度（机构）的调解。确定这些联系（因果途径）将有助于制定更有效的干预措施。评估干预措施有效性所需的数据目前很薄弱。这在一定程度上是因为每个专业的学术学科和职业都有不同的衡量暴力的方法，这使得跨越这些差异的合作变得困难。我们不仅需要统一的核心指标来进行跨部门成本效益比较，我们还需要调整和扩展我们的指标，以捕捉新形式的技术促进滥用。该联盟旨在改善衡量框架和数据的可得性，以帮助对干预措施进行跨部门评估。它寻求就如何最好地做到这一点在学术界和专业人士之间发展合作。在就如何进行达成协议后，我们将开发评估干预措施所需的数据。这涉及发展数据提供者之间的合作，就共同类别达成协议，并使数据更容易获得。这涉及对数据保护问题的关心和关注，以及制定尊重产生数据的社区的定制数据共享协议。我们将通过在共享度量框架上增加合作来释放多个数据源的潜力。这些数据集包括主要的国家调查，如成人精神病发病率调查（包括暴力经历信息的全国心理健康调查）和英格兰和威尔士犯罪调查（包括暴力及其后果随时间变化的全国调查）。它们包括来自专业和实践的行政数据集，包括警察、卫生和社会服务、专门服务和技术公司。我们会将多个数据集的数据分析人员安置在同一空间，以促进通常独立学科之间的技术合作。有了新改进的数据，我们将利用学术、统计和从业者知识以及联盟的资源来评估关键干预措施。这些都是机构和系统层面的干预措施。我们把治疗已经受到暴力影响的个人的创伤的问题留给其他人。我们的重点是“预防”人口中的暴力行为。其目的是通过确定减少人口暴力的最有效干预措施，减少对健康，特别是心理健康的损害。

Violence causes harms to health, especially long-lasting harms to mental health. Mental health is significantly impacted by violence. These harms to mental health can be more long-lasting than the immediate harms to physical health. They have consequences that reverberate through a person's life impacting on their functioning in society, with still further consequences. Reducing such 'upstream' determinants of poor mental health would significantly improve the health of the population. Investigating the effectiveness of potential interventions to reduce exposure to violence is central to the proposal.Within the field of violence, we have special interest in domestic and sexual violence because these are significant causes of inequalities in mental health. We address how to mainstream these issues across multiple sectors rather than seeing them as only of specialised concern. Our Consortium aims to mainstream violence prevention at higher and earlier stages than before.Multiple institutions are relevant to preventing violence. They include not only health services, but also law enforcement (most violence is a crime), social services (especially important for child protection), specialised services (Third Sector organisations that help victim/survivors of violence), and governmental bodies concerned with law, policy and data quality. The connections between violence and mental ill health are complicated since they are mediated by many social systems (institutions). Identifying these connections (causal pathways) would aid the development of more effective interventions.The data needed to assess the effectiveness of interventions is currently weak. This is partly because each specialised academic discipline and profession has a different way of measuring violence, which makes cooperation across these differences difficult. Not only do we need harmonised core metrics for cross-sector cost-benefit comparisons, we also need to adapt and extend our metrics to capture the new forms of technology-facilitated abuse. The Consortium aims to improve the measurement framework and data availability to aid the cross-sector evaluation of interventions. It seeks to develop cooperation between academics and professionals as to how this is best done. After reaching agreement on how to proceed, we would develop the data needed to assess interventions. This involves developing cooperation between data providers, agreements on common categories, and making data more available. This involves care and attention to issues of data protection and the development of bespoke agreements on data sharing that respect the communities that generate data.We would unlock the potential in multiple data sources with increased cooperation over a shared measurement framework. These data sets include major national surveys such as the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (national survey of mental health that includes information on experience of violence), and the Crime Survey for England and Wales (national survey that includes changes over time in violence and their consequences). They include administrative data sets from professions and practices, including the police, health and social services, specialised services and technology companies. We would locate data analysts of multiple data sets in the same space to facilitate technical cooperation between usually separate disciplines.With the newly improved data, we would use academic, statistical, and practitioner knowledge and the resources of the Consortium to assess key interventions. These are interventions at the level of institutions and systems. We leave to others the issue of addressing the treatment of trauma in individuals already affected by violence. Our focus is the 'prevention' of violence in the population.The aim is to reduce the harm to health, especially mental health, by identifying the most effective interventions to reduce violence in the population.