GULLS

许多沿海社区依靠海洋资源维持生计和粮食安全。随着人口的增加，已经受到污染、沿海开发和栖息地退化压力的沿海资源也面临着压力。气候变化和多变性(包括极端事件)也将影响沿海系统和依赖社区的脆弱性，但也可能带来机会。该项目将通过跨区域“热点”提供和分享知识，确定、评估和预测沿海-海洋粮食资源的未来，从而有助于改进社区适应工作。热点可能包括适应的优先领域，也代表观察变化和制定适应选择和管理战略的实验室。比较热点地区将扩展现有的合作，并将当地适应研究和成果联系起来，以改善全球学习。把重点放在地方一级加强沿海复原力的适应选择和战略上，将有助于能力建设和地方赋权。海洋沿海管理目前的弱点包括自然和社会研究的整合有限，将科学认识转化为适应性管理机制的能力不足，以及政策制定的指导方针很少。将通过现有的专家和研究人员联盟在一个热点地区(西印度洋)试行全面系统办法，然后在其他热点地区(印度、巴西、南非、澳大利亚)应用。综合自然、社会和经济研究将确定管理和政策改革的一系列备选方案。这些替代方案将作为简报材料分发给沿海社区和整个社会的管理人员和决策者。在该项目的各重点区域内部和之间存在着强有力的伙伴关系，并为制定有效的以科学为基础的治理办法提供了强有力的科学和政治支持。该项目将提供一套全面的备选方案，以减少沿海脆弱性，并使脆弱的沿海社区为改善未来做好准备。

Many coastal communities rely on marine resources for livelihoods and food security. As populations increase, so does pressure on coastal resources already under stress from pollution, coastal development, and habitat degradation. Climate change and variability (including extreme events) will also impact coastal systems and the vulnerability of dependent communities, but may also bring opportunities. This project will contribute to improving community adaptation efforts by characterizing, assessing and predicting the future of coastal-marine food resources through the provision and sharing of knowledge across regional "hotspots", defined here as fast-warming marine areas and areas experiencing social tensions as a result of change. Hotspots are likely to include the priority areas for adaptation and also represent laboratories for observing change and developing adaptation options and management strategies. Comparing hotspot regions will extend existing collaborations and connect local adaptation research and outcomes to improve global learning. Focusing on adaptation options and strategies for enhancing coastal resilience at the local level will contribute to capacity building and local empowerment.Current weaknesses in marine coastal management include limited integration of natural and social studies, poor translation of scientific understanding into adaptive management mechanisms, and few guidelines for policy development. A holistic system approach will be piloted within one hotspot region (western Indian Ocean) through an existing Alliance of experts and researchers, prior to application in other hotspot regions (India, Brazil, South Africa, Australia). Integration of natural, social and economicstudies will identify a range of options for management and policy reform. These alternatives will be delivered as briefing materials to managers and decision-makers in coastal communities and society at large. There are existing strong partnerships within and between the focal regions in this project, and strong scientific and political support for the development of effective science-based governance approaches. This project will deliver a comprehensive set of options to reduce coastal vulnerability and position vulnerable coastal communities for an improved future.