Addressing Challenges of Coastal Communities through Ocean Research for Developing Economies (ACCORD).

通过发展中经济体海洋研究应对沿海社区的挑战东南亚和西印度洋(ACCORD的区域焦点)的沿海和海洋环境丰富多样，拥有高水平的生物多样性和生产力。这些区域还拥有含水合物的海底沉积物和海底矿产资源。沿海生态系统及其提供的服务受到人类活动增长的威胁，包括不断增加的人口规模(全球有20亿人居住在距离海岸100公里以内)和全球市场的需求，对经济增长的渴望，以及全球气候变化不太直接的影响。这既影响了生物资源对压力的适应能力，也影响了我们从压力中获得的生态系统服务。许多沿海社区的生计和福利依赖于附近的沿海和海洋资源，但当这些服务因过度开采或气候变化的不利影响而恶化时，它们缺乏替代办法。与此同时，沿海发展中国家正把目光投向海洋，通过资源开采(例如矿物开采)和生计多样化(例如旅游业、水产养殖和蓝碳倡议)为可持续经济增长提供机会，并支持粮食安全(例如渔业和水产养殖)。对发展中沿海国家来说，海洋也是通过生产清洁、可再生和非常规能源和资源开发实现经济多样化的机会，但这些机会需要与保护生境和维护国家资源总价值的需要仔细权衡。蓝色经济的概念通过有效的海洋规划，将海洋经济活动与养护和可持续利用结合起来。我们确定了两个突出的发展挑战：a)伙伴国家蓝色经济体的可持续增长和对变化的适应能力；b)对自然灾害的适应能力，包括基于影响的、不受气候影响的沿海洪水预警系统。我们的目标是提供所需的高质量科学成果，以改善可用于支持发展援助委员会(DAC)官方发展援助(ODA)受援国名单上的沿海国家的这些挑战的环境信息。确定和保护关键生境，防止过度开发和退化，是可持续蓝色经济所需的综合海洋管理的基石。ACCORD将首先通过了解决定海洋生态系统对全球和局部引起的环境变化的潜在敏感性或复原力的机制和过程来实现这一点。其次，我们将利用这一认识来确定生态系统变化的环境和社会后果，以便为风险评估、适应性空间管理和缓解战略提供信息。我们的办法将为伙伴国提供更好的综合和可持续管理海洋活动的能力。这种能力将帮助伙伴国建立一个有弹性的海洋和沿海社会生态系统，并支持它们不断增长的蓝色经济。

Addressing Challenges of Coastal Communities through Ocean Research for Developing Economies (ACCORD).The coastal and marine environments of South East Asia and the Western Indian Ocean (the regional foci of ACCORD) are rich and diverse, possessing high levels of biodiversity and productivity. These regions also have hydrate-bearing seafloor sediments and seafloor mineral resources. Coastal ecosystems and the services they provide are under threat from growth in human activities, including the demands of increasing population size (globally, 2 billion people live within 100km of the coast) and global markets, the desire for economic growth, and the less direct impact of global climate change. This affects both the resilience of living resources to pressures and the ecosystem services we derive from them. Many coastal communities depend on nearby coastal and marine resources for their livelihoods and welfare yet lack alternatives when these services deteriorate due to over-exploitation or adverse effects of climate change. A the same time coastal developing nations are looking to the ocean to provide opportunities for sustainable economic growth through resource exploitation (e.g. mineral extraction) and livelihood diversification (e.g. tourism, aquaculture, and blue carbon initiatives) and to support food security (e.g. fisheries and aquaculture). For developing coastal nations the ocean is also an opportunity for diversification of their economies through the production of clean, renewable and unconventional energy and resource exploitation, yet these opportunities need to be balanced carefully against the need to protect habitats and preserve the total value of national resources. The concept of Blue Economy integrates ocean-based economic activities with conservation and sustainable use through effective marine planning. We identify two overarching development challenges: a) Sustainable growth of, and resilience to change for, the blue economies of partner countries and b) Resilience to natural hazards including impact-based, climate-proof coastal flood warning systems. Our aim is to deliver high quality science outcomes required to improve the environmental information available to support these challenges in coastal states on the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) list of Official Development Aid (ODA) recipients. Identifying and protecting critical habitats from overexploitation, and degradation is the cornerstone of the integrated ocean management required for sustainable blue economies. ACCORD will achieve this firstly by understanding the mechanisms and processes that determine the potential sensitivity or resilience of marine ecosystems to both globally and locally induced environmental change. Secondly, we will use this understanding to determine the environmental and societal consequences of ecosystem change to inform risk assessment, adaptive spatial management and mitigation strategies. Our approach will provide partner countries with an improved capability for integrated and sustainable management of marine activities. This capability will help partner countries to build a resilient marine and coastal socio-ecological system, and support their growing Blue Economies.