NERC Earth Observation Data Acquisition and Analysis Service (NEODAAS)

[注，建议NEODAAS只是从案例中剪切粘贴到本节中]NEODAAS的愿景是为NERC和UKRI学术界提供灵活，响应和创新的地球观测数据，服务和建议的国家能力，解决关键的战略研究和创新优先事项，并有助于理解影响英国的重要环境问题。对地观测是在天气尺度上对地球系统过程进行近实时和长时间观测的关键。特别是欧洲哥白尼方案，通过建造具有新的和改进的能力的卫星传感器业务系统，使该领域取得重大进展。哥白尼理论有利于EO专家群体的科学研究，对于那些可以第一次使用EO衍生数据和信息的非EO专家来说，哥白尼理论具有更大的潜力。因此，对EO数据和服务的需求不断增加，但显然，所有赠款持有人都无法生成自己的EO数据，而许多非EO专家没有自己处理的技能基础。因此，nedaas在普利茅斯的必要性得到了NERC设施评估小组的确认。NERC总部和NCEO的调查显示，人们对物有所值的EO服务有着强烈的需求，这种服务明显带来了高质量的科学成果：在2013/14至2017/18年间，NEODAAS支持了321篇isi评审的出版物（所有NEODAAS论文的引用次数为10万次）。NEODAAS服务包括：EO产品和信息，包括生产分析就绪的数据产品，以满足英国的特定需求（如英国预测或定制算法）；快速响应，交货时间非常快；以非专家容易使用的格式提供数据；由nerc资助的研究产生的算法的操作化，在社区中产生更广泛的影响；以及就行政管理的来源和最佳做法提供意见和培训。NEODAAS从一个位置提供集中服务，从而避免重复，并提供临界质量。NEODAAS目前是位于普利茅斯海洋实验室（PML）和邓迪大学的双节点设施。重新委托的服务将继续在PML执行工作，并将通过承担Dundee承担的某些工作来扩展该服务，即收集用于NRT数据处理的1级数据。这将通过web/ftp下载和基于pml的EUMETCast数据接收来完成。NEODAAS将提供灵活性，以满足广泛的英国社区需求，并在利用PML研发成果、当地专业知识和现有计算和处理系统方面发挥相当大的作用。NEODAAS将通过NERC拨款、NERC中心/调查NC、奖学金、博士培训合作伙伴关系或博士培训中心、直接访问提案以及UKRI资助机会（如GCRF和工业战略挑战基金（ISCF））来支持优秀科学。最终用户社区和相应的服务可以分为两组或两股：1)面向希望使用EO数据集和信息但不希望或无法花费大量时间学习如何进行数据处理的非EO专家的服务。这些服务支持更广泛的用户群体，数量可能多达1000人，其中许多人甚至可能没有意识到这一点（例如，由NEODAAS引导的非eo科学家进行研究巡航）。2)为EO社区提供服务，这些社区拥有EO专业知识，但需要专家帮助，例如在NRT框架中实现算法，例如由NCEO研究产生的算法，或者希望将其算法包含在NEODAAS处理链中。潜在用户数量较小，通常为100人，但服务可能比Strand 1中的服务更复杂，更定制。

[Note, NEODAAS were advised to merely cut and paste from the case for support into this section] The vision for NEODAAS is to provide NERC and UKRI academic communities with flexible, responsive and innovative national capability in Earth Observation data, services and advice, which addresses key strategic research and innovation priorities and contributes to understanding of important environmental issues affecting the UK. Earth Observation (EO) is crucial for observing Earth system processes in near-real time (NRT) at synoptic scales and over long periods as the data records extend in time. The European Copernicus programme, in particular, is enabling significant advances in the field through construction of an operational system of satellite-based sensors, with new and improved capabilities. Copernicus benefits the science of the expert EO community, and has even greater potential for non EO experts who can use EO derived data and information for the first time. There is, thus, increasing demand for EO data and services, but clearly it is inefficient for all grant-holders to be generating their own EO data, while many non-EO experts do not have the skill base to do their own processing. Hence, the need for NEODAAS at Plymouth was confirmed by the NERC Facilities Evaluation Panel. Surveys by NERC Head Office and NCEO show strong demand for a value for money EO service which has demonstrably resulted in high quality science: between 2013/14 and 2017/18, NEODAAS supported 321 ISI-refereed publications (with >10k citations to all NEODAAS papers).NEODAAS services include: EO products and information including production of analysis-ready data products to meet particular UK needs (such as UK projections or bespoke algorithms); rapid-response with very fast delivery times; provision of data in formats that can be easily used by non-experts; operationalisation of algorithms produced by NERC-funded research, for wider impact in the community; and provision of advice and training in the sources and best practice in EO. NEODAAS offers a centralised service from one location, thus avoiding duplication, and providing critical mass. NEODAAS is currently a dual node facility based at Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML) and the University of Dundee. The recommissioned service will continue work performed at PML, and will expand this by taking on certain of the work undertaken by Dundee - namely the collection of level 1 data for NRT data processing. This will be done via web/ftp downloads and PML-based EUMETCast data reception. NEODAAS will provide flexibility to meet the wide range of UK community needs, and considerable leverage in terms of exploiting PML R&D outcomes, local expertise and existing computing and processing systems. NEODAAS will support Excellent Science funded through NERC grants, NERC Centre/Survey NC, Fellowships, Doctoral Training Partnerships or Centres for Doctoral Training, direct-access proposals as well as UKRI funding opportunities, such as the GCRF and Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund (ISCF). The end-user community and the corresponding services may be split into two groups or strands:Strand 1) Services to non-EO experts who wish to make use of EO datasets and information but do not wish, or are not able to spend extensive time learning how to do data processing. These services support the wider user community, numbering potentially many 1000's, many of whom may not even be aware of it (e.g. non-EO scientists on research cruises guided by NEODAAS).Strand 2) Services to the EO Community who have EO expertise, but want specialist aid such as algorithm implementation, e.g. arising from NCEO research, in a NRT framework or would like to include their algorithms in the NEODAAS processing chain. The potential number of users is smaller, typically 100's, but the services may be more complex and bespoke in nature than those in Strand 1.