Coastal REsistance: Alerts and Monitoring Technologies (CreamT)

下个世纪海平面上升1米几乎是肯定的，据估计，只要海平面上升一半，英格兰20%的海岸防御工事就会崩溃。雄心勃勃的气候减缓和适应计划可以保护40万至50万人，但洪水和海岸侵蚀风险无法完全消除——我们无法建造无限高的海堤。未来30年，全球1.5亿人可能受到海平面上升的影响。因此，需要更好的方法来测量、预报、预警和应对沿海洪水。我们将利用Penzance和Dawlish演示一个新的监测系统，该系统能够向国家政府机构发布重要的实时灾害警报和洪水数据。与环境署（EA）合作，Met。办公室、海峡海岸天文台（CCO）、康沃尔议会、泰格布里奇区议会、Capgenimi和国民信托基金会，我们将利用数字通信、数据网络和公民科学，在以前的研究基础上进行研究。我们最近的项目（WireWall）创造了一种独特的过顶传感器，我们将把它开发成一种低成本的危害监测系统，用于长期部署，使用遥测技术传输数据。另一个项目（SWEEP）创建了一个西南地区的计算机模拟，每天更新，提前3天预测沿海灾害。CCO与英格兰各地的区域海岸监测计划（RCMP）一起在线主持这两个项目。该项目将通过一个新的、可访问的、开源的数据分期网络服务，将我们新的灾害数据整合到SWEEP服务中，从而将模型和新的监测联系起来，以验证当前的灾害服务。新的网络服务将公开现有的、沿海的、河流的和天气的数据，而新的系统将包括：1)一种新型的波浪过顶传感器，用于测量水位和波浪在冲击海堤之前，以及水的深度、体积和速度，因为它超过了海堤后面的公共通道；2)用于验证波浪条件并确认是否发生过顶事件的摄像机；3)用激光测量风暴前和风暴后的海滩高度；4)一个国际公民科学项目，海岸捕捉，通过照片监测海滩的情况。该系统将使用英国的潮汐测量网络，在水位达到海堤时触发潜在危险情况的测量，并在检测到洪水时返回实时警报。此信息将允许对SWEEP计算机警报服务进行验证。与EA的洪水预报团队一起，我们将使用这些信息来完善当地的危险阈值，并了解由于距离国家监测站很远（许多公里），海堤地点当地条件的不确定性。测量的视觉和音频数据将用于交互式海岸漫步，并通过增强现实（AR）手机应用程序访问，可用于IOS和Android设备。增强现实步行将引导人们找到海岸快照照片，鼓励人们参与皇家骑警的海滩监测。通过游客信息中心和推特推广步行活动，将提高社区对不断变化的海岸灾害和海岸线管理举措的认识，如#洪水意识#和#海岸安全#。由海洋学家、工程师、数据管理人员、数字艺术家、诗人和软件开发人员组成的团队将运用他们在不同学科的专业知识，显著提高现有沿海灾害预警服务的准确性和有效性。他们将通过一个易于访问的手机应用程序和参与公民科学监测来吸引公众。信息将在BODC存档，并根据NERC数据政策提供。这个在线目录被设计成很容易被谷歌数据集搜索引擎找到，并确保我们的数据是公平的（可查找，可访问，可解释和可重复使用）。关键词：灾害监测；沿海预测;洪水意识;危险警告

A 1 m sea level rise is almost certain in the next century and it is estimated that 20% of England's coastal defences could fail under just half this rise. Ambitious climate mitigation and adaptation plans may protect 400,000 - 500,000 people, but flood and coastal erosion risks cannot be fully eliminated - we cannot build infinitely high sea walls. Worldwide 150 million people could be affected by sea level rise in the next 30 years. Better ways to measure, forecast, warn of and respond to coastal flooding are thus required. Using Penzance and Dawlish we will demonstrate a new monitoring system able to issue vital real-time hazard alerts and flood data to national government agencies.Working with the Environment Agency (EA), Met. Office, Channel Coastal Observatory (CCO), Cornwall Council, Teignbridge District Council, Capgenimi and National Trust, we will build on previous research using digital communication, data networking and citizen science. Our recent project (WireWall) created a unique overtopping sensor that we will develop into a low-cost hazard monitoring system for long-term deployments using telemetry to transfer data. Another project (SWEEP) created a south west regional computer simulation that updates daily to forecast coastal hazard 3 days in advance. The CCO hosts both projects online alongside the Regional Coastal Monitoring Programmes (RCMP) across England. This project will incorporate our new hazard data into the SWEEP service through a new web-accessible, open source data staging web service, thus linking models and new monitoring to validate current hazard services. The new web service will expose existing, coastal, river and weather data, while the new system will include: 1) a novel wave overtopping sensor to measure water levels and waves just before they impact a sea wall in addition to the depth, volume and speed of the water as it overtops onto public access areas behind the sea defence; 2) cameras to validate wave conditions and confirm the occurrence of overtopping events; 3) laser measurements of the pre- and post-storm beach levels during an event; and 4) an international citizen science programme, CoastSnap, that monitors beach conditions over time through photographs. The system will use the UK's tide gauge network to trigger the measurement of potentially hazardous conditions when water levels reach the sea walls and return real-time alerts when flooding is detected. This information will allow validation of the SWEEP computer alert service. With the EA's flood forecast team we will use this information to refine their local hazard thresholds and to understand the uncertainty in local conditions at the sea wall sites due to their large (many km's) distance from national monitoring stations.The measured, visual and audio data will be used in an interactive coastal walk, and made accessible through an Augmented Reality (AR) phone application, available for IOS and Android devices. The AR walk will guide people to CoastSnap photo posts, encouraging participation in the RCMP beach monitoring. Promotion of the walk through the Tourist Information Centres and Twitter will raise community awareness of changing coastal hazards and shoreline management initiatives such as #floodaware and #CoastSafe.The team of oceanographers, engineers, data managers, a digital artist, a poet and a software developer will apply their expertise in different disciplines to significantly improve the accuracy and effectiveness of existing coastal hazard warning services. They will engage the public through an easily accessible phone app and participation in citizen science monitoring. Information will be archived at BODC and made available under the NERC Data Policy. This online catalogue is designed to be easily found by the Google dataset search engine and ensures our data are FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interpretable and Re-usable).Keywords: Hazard monitoring; Coastal forecasting; Flood aware; Hazard warning