DEVELOPMENT OF NEW PERSONAL AEROSOL SAMPLERS

描述：（改编自研究者摘要）本研究集 开发采样仪器，以评估职业 人们暴露于与健康不良最相关的气溶胶组分。 等 仪器对于未来的流行病学、风险评估和 职业接触限值（OELs）的设定 与气溶胶有关的疾病，包括哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病 疾病 根据气雾剂的新标准， 这是在美国和世界范围内出现的风险。 的 特别是仪器，这是拟议的研究的主题， 其独特之处在于，它能够对相关馏分进行气溶胶采样 在比目前低得多的采样流速下进行， 实践 这意味着更小更轻的取样泵 （已经可商购获得）可以使用， 方便所有工人，但特别是那些有困难的人， 现有系统（例如，老年工人，一些女性和-在更广泛的 环境暴露评估的背景-儿童）。 这项研究 两个科学组成部分。 首先，它将使用当前的新知识， 气溶胶采样器的物理采样特性， 法律，使新的采样器为给定的健康相关的部分，特别是 可吸入和胸腔（由ACGIH定义），可设计为 以比现有装置低得多的流速。 第二，新的 设备将在实验室进行测试和校准（并根据 适当），然后根据 镍工业初级生产设施的现场。 后者将 能够检查测量金属气溶胶暴露的可行性 从更少量的材料中， 新设备。 初步的开发工作将在 专门建造的风洞，以及样品的分析化验 在工作场所获得的研究将通过ICP-MS在课堂上进行 100个清洁设施，都在密歇根大学。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract) This research sets out to develop sampling instrumentation by which to assess the occupational exposures of people to aerosol fractions most relevant to ill-health. Such instrumentation is essential for future epidemiology, risk estimation and the setting of occupational exposure limits (OELs) for a whole range of aerosol-related disease, including asthma and chronic pulmonary obstructive disease. It is timely in the light of the new standards for aerosol exposures which are emerging in the United States and worldwide. The particular instrumentation, which is the subject of the proposed research, is unique in that it will enable aerosol sampling of the relevant fractions to be carried out at much lower sampling flowrates than is currently the practice. This means in turn that much smaller and lighter sampling pumps (already available commercially) can be used, with associated much improved convenience to all workers, but especially those who have difficulty with existing systems (e.g., older workers, some females and - in the wider context of environmental exposure assessment - children). The research has two scientific components. Firstly, it will use current new knowledge about the physical sampling characteristics of aerosol samplers to develop scaling laws so that new samplers for given health-related fractions, specifically inhalable and thoracic (as defined by the ACGIH), can be designed to operate at much lower flowrates than existing devices. Secondly, the resulting new devices will be tested and calibrated in the laboratory (and modified as appropriate) and then validated against current reference instruments in the field at nickel industry primary production facilities. The latter will enable examination of the feasibility of measuring metal aerosol exposures from the much smaller amounts of material that will be collected using the new devices. The initial development work will be carried out in the purpose-built wind tunnel, and the analytical assays for the samples obtained in the workplace studies will be performed by ICP-MS in the Class 100 clean facility, both at the University of Michigan.