AGING AND THE IMPLICIT LEARNING OF SEQUENTIAL PATTERNS

描述(改编自调查人员摘要)：建议的五个 一系列研究的长期目标是确定与年龄有关的特征 结构主义内隐学习的异同 环境中的规律。通过使用交替序列(可视- 空间)运动反应任务，其中模式试验和随机试验交替进行 试验中，调查人员将检验假设，当比较 青年(18-25岁)和老年人(65岁及以上)的表现 将发生以下情况：(1)与年龄相关的缺陷将以隐性形式出现 序列学习，包括速度和幅度的下降 学习，在学习的结构水平上，在一定程度上 这种知识可以在没有刺激的情况下使用，在 可用语言表述的程度(陈述性知识)；(2) 交替执行串行响应时间任务将导致意外 学习，至少部分是在意识之外；(3)与年龄有关的 内隐序列模式学习的缺陷将部分归因于年龄- 加工缺陷的相关减少，如减速和数量 可以同时保存在工作记忆中的项目，以及 这些年龄缺陷可以在连接主义建模网络中模拟 通过操作用作输入的事件的数量。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Investigator's Abstract): The proposed five series of studies have the long-term aim of characterizing age-related differences and similarities in the implicit learning of structural regularities in the environment. By using an alternating serial (visual- spatial) motor response task, where pattern trials alternate with random trials, the investigators will test the hypotheses that when comparing performance of young (18-25 years) and old (65 years and older) the following will occur: (1) age-related deficits will appear in implicit sequence learning, including decreases in the rate and magnitude of learning, in the level of structure that is learned, in the extent to which this knowledge can be used in the absence of stimuli, and in the extent to which it is verbalizable (declarative knowledge); (2) the Alternating Serial Response Time Task will result in unintentional learning, at least partially outside of awareness; (3) the age-related deficits in implicit serial pattern learning will be due in part to age- related decreases in processing deficits, such as slowing and the number of items that can be held simultaneously in working memory and that these age deficits can be simulated in a connectionist modeling network by manipulating the number of events used as input.