AGING AND THE IMPLICIT LEARNING OF SEQUENTIAL PATTERNS

衰老和顺序模式的内隐学习

• 批准号: 7675738
• 负责人: Darlene V. Howard
• 金额: $ 0.5万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-06-15 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7675738
• 关键词: Age; Aging; Awareness; Environment; Event; Knowledge; Learning; Motor; Neural Network Simulation; Numbers; Pattern; Performance; Process; Rate; Reaction Time; Research Personnel; Series; Short-Term Memory; Simulate; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Visuospatial; age related; human old age (65+); response; sequence learning

The proposed five series of studies have the long-term aim of characterizing age-related differences and similarities in the implicit learning of structural regularities in the environment. By using an alternating serial (visual- spatial) motor response task, where pattern trials alternate with random trials, the investigators will test the hypotheses that when comparing performance of young (18-25 years) and old (65 years and older) the following will occur: (1) age-related deficits will appear in implicit sequence learning, including decreases in the rate and magnitude of learning, in the level of structure that is learned, in the extent to which this knowledge can be used in the absence of stimuli, and in the extent to which it is verbalizable (declarative knowledge); (2) the Alternating Serial Response Time Task will result in unintentional learning, at least partially outside of awareness; (3) the age-related deficits in implicit serial pattern learning will be due in part to age- related decreases in processing deficits, such as slowing and the number of items that can be held simultaneously in working memory and that these age deficits can be simulated in a connectionist modeling network by manipulating the number of events used as input.

这五个系列研究的长期目标是表征环境中结构记忆内隐学习的年龄相关差异和相似性。通过使用交替序列（视觉-空间）运动反应任务，其中模式试验与随机试验交替进行，研究人员将测试假设，（18-25岁）及以上（65岁及以上）将发生以下情况：（1）内隐序列学习会出现与年龄相关的缺陷，包括学习速度和学习量的下降，在学习的结构水平上，在没有刺激的情况下，这种知识可以在多大程度上被使用，以及在多大程度上可以用语言表达（2）交替序列反应时间任务将导致无意识的学习，至少部分地在意识之外;（3）内隐序列模式学习中的年龄相关缺陷部分是由于加工缺陷的年龄相关减少，如减慢和工作记忆中可以同时保持的项目数量，并且这些年龄缺陷可以通过操纵用作输入的事件数量在联结主义建模网络中模拟。

项目成果

Perceptual sequence learning in a serial reaction time task.

串行反应时间任务中的感知序列学习。

• DOI: 10.1007/s00221-008-1411-z
• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: Experimental brain research
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Song,Sunbin;HowardJr,JamesH;Howard,DarleneV
• 通讯作者: Howard,DarleneV

Aging mind and brain: is implicit learning spared in healthy aging?

• DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00817
• 发表时间: 2013-11-07
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Howard, James H., Jr.;Howard, Darlene V.
• 通讯作者: Howard, Darlene V.

Age-related differences in multiple measures of white matter integrity: A diffusion tensor imaging study of healthy aging.

• DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20872
• 发表时间: 2010-03
• 期刊: HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Bennett, Ilana J.;Madden, David J.;Vaidya, Chandan J.;Howard, Darlene V.;Howard, James H., Jr.
• 通讯作者: Howard, James H., Jr.

One-year retention of general and sequence-specific skills in a probabilistic, serial reaction time task.

• DOI: 10.1080/09658211003742680
• 发表时间: 2010-05
• 期刊: Memory (Hove, England)
• 作者: Romano JC;Howard JH Jr;Howard DV
• 通讯作者: Howard DV

The effects of aging on the neural basis of implicit associative learning in a probabilistic triplets learning task.

• DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00116
• 发表时间: 2012-02
• 期刊: Journal of cognitive neuroscience
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Simon JR;Vaidya CJ;Howard JH;Howard DV
• 通讯作者: Howard DV