From quantum chaos to collective transport in plasmas

理论物理学致力于阐述和研究支配自然现象的规律。我从破译量子力学描述的小尺度定律中获得了巨大的兴奋。在量子理论取得了一个多世纪的惊人进展之后，我们的理论理解仍然主要局限于具有弱相互作用的系统，其中微扰方法允许计算物理可观测值。然而，最近，弦理论也通过一个显著的数学结果——全息二象性，使强相互作用量子理论的探索成为可能。这种对偶性允许人们通过进行双重引力分析来研究强相互作用，这种分析涉及描述黑洞性质的公认定律。在这个由伦敦玛丽女王大学弦理论研究中心主办的奖学金课程中，我将使用弱和强相互作用分析的综合来研究控制量子系统相互作用强度的基本规律，并研究它们在现实世界中的应用潜力。我的第一类目标是研究磁化等离子体和液体中的集体流体动力学输运，我们最近建立了一个全面的理论。这项工作应该对诸如夸克-胶子等离子体之类的核物质具有实验意义，这种物质充满了早期的宇宙，目前正在欧洲核子研究中心的粒子对撞机（大型强子对撞机）上重现。对用于核聚变反应堆的磁化等离子体的进一步了解也可能通过帮助利用大量的清洁能源对社会产生深远的影响。我的第二类目标是研究量子物质基本成分之间的混沌机制。我计划研究量子混沌的定义和分类，并研究混沌在等离子体中集体输运上的印记。伦敦玛丽女王大学的弦理论研究中心是一个世界级的研究机构，长期以来一直处于弦理论和理论量子物理研究的前沿。因此，它提供了一个蓬勃发展的环境，这将理想地促进我探索自然法则的基础。此外，在玛丽皇后学院物理系其他子部门进行的物理研究的广度和质量将使我能够参与跨学科合作，这对于开发我的工作的实验和实际应用是必要的。

Theoretical physics strives to formulate and study the laws governing natural phenomena. I draw immense excitement from deciphering those laws that are at very small scales described by quantum mechanics. After more than a century of striking advance in quantum theories, our theoretical understanding remains mostly limited to systems with weak interactions where perturbative methods allow to compute physical observables. Recently, however, string theory has also enabled explorations of strongly interacting quantum theories through a remarkable mathematical result: holographic duality. This duality allows one to study strong interactions by performing a dual gravitational analysis involving well-established laws that describe the properties of black holes. During the course of this fellowship hosted by the Centre for Research in String Theory at Queen Mary University of London, I will use the synthesis of weak and strong interaction analyses to investigate the fundamental laws governing quantum systems across interaction strengths and to examine their potential for real-world applications. My first category of objectives will study collective hydrodynamic transport in magnetised plasmas, of which we recently constructed a comprehensive theory, and in liquids. This work should bear experimental implications for nuclear matter such as quark-gluon plasma, which filled the early Universe and is currently being recreated at the particle collider (the Large Hadron Collider) in CERN. An improved understanding of magnetised plasmas that are used in fusion reactors could also have far-reaching impact on society by helping harness enormous amounts of clean energy. My second category of objectives pertains to investigations of chaotic mechanisms among the fundamental constituents of quantum matter. I plan to research the definition and classification of quantum chaos and to examine the signatures that chaos imprints on collective transport in plasmas.The Centre for Research in String Theory at Queen Mary University of London is a world-class institute that has long been at the forefront of research in string theory and theoretical quantum physics. As such, it provides a thriving environment that will ideally facilitate my explorations into the foundations of natural laws. Furthermore, the breadth and quality of the physics research undertaken in other sub-departments of the Physics Department at Queen Mary will enable me to participate in interdisciplinary collaborations that are necessary for developing experimental and practical real-world applications of my work.