INFANTS UNDERSTANDING OF GOAL DIRECTED ACTION

描述：拟议的研究将探索婴儿的发展， 对其他人采取的行动的反应。 这些实验都利用了 视觉习惯法。 在初步研究中，研究人员 发现，在9个月和5个月（可能程度较小）时， 婴儿选择性地编码由手执行的抓握动作的目标; 其他动作，例如指向对象，或用 手背，没有选择性地编码，也不是由 无生命物体（例如，杆或起重机）。 进一步的结果表明， 12个月大的婴儿确实有选择地编码指向动作。 这些结果 这表明，幼儿有一个知识系统，以指导他们的 关于人类行为的推理，它在第一个时期经历了发展， 年 拟议的实验探讨了这一性质和发展 知识 他们探索：1）婴儿对各种行为的反应 和相应的无生命功能关系; 2）婴儿的能力， 将行动分为目标导向和非目标导向; 3）婴儿的整合能力 同时行动的信息;最后，4）婴儿的反应 涉及两个不同的动作的手段-目的序列 对象 综合起来，这些实验应该有助于我们 了解什么是早期心理疾病的根源 知识

DESCRIPTION: The proposed research will explore the development of infants' responses to actions carried out by others. The experiments all make use of the visual-habituation method. In preliminary research, the investigator has found that, at 9 and (to perhaps a lesser extent) 5 months of age, infants selectively encode the goal of grasping actions performed by a hand; other actions, such as pointing to an object, or touching an object with the back of the hand, are not selectively encoded, nor are actions performed by inanimate objects (e.g., a rod or crane). Further results showed that 12-month-old infants do selectively encode pointing actions. These results suggest that young infants have a system of knowledge to guide their reasoning about human actions, which undergoes development during the first year. The proposed experiments explore the nature and development of this knowledge. They explore: 1) infants' responses to a wide range of actions and corresponding inanimate functional relations; 2) infants' ability to categorize actions as goal-directed or not; 3) infants' ability to integrate information from simultaneous actions; and, finally, 4) infants' responses to means-end sequences involving two distinct actions on two distinct objects. Taken together, these experiments should contribute to our understanding of what are the roots in infancy of early psychological knowledge.