DIRECT INTERFACING WITH THE HUMAN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

这项研究的目的是让锁定患者控制一个 电脑在第一阶段，三名瘫痪的闭锁患者植入了 神经营养记录电极。目前的病人，1998年3月24日，继续 来进行文字处理并产生合成语音。 对于第二阶段，申请人建议植入长期神经营养剂 六个认知完整的被锁定人类的自主皮层中的电极。 调查人员希望为他们提供计算机光标的控制， 旨在分离单个信号并教会患者控制 光标移动的不同方面，如速度、准确性和方向。 他们还希望确定控制信号的大脑皮层是否可以 专门用于光标控制。他们的目标是开发软件来检测信号 模式，实施自适应控制，改善患者培训，自动化 收集数据，评估替代沟通方法，如图标 语言，并提供互联网接入。他们将修改和修改 本发明的电子设备提供单级功率感应系统 提供六个电极，应该提供多维控制。 目前患者的数据表明， 为被困患者提供沟通。第三阶段将把这些技术 更多的病人。目前的努力也表明，运动可能是 恢复脊髓损伤患者。 拟定商业应用： 全世界有50万名“锁定”患者，其中包括30，000名ALS患者。 USA. 此外，美国有25万四肢瘫痪者和截瘫者， 如果该系统可以用来控制瘫痪的人， 肌肉. 第三阶段的主要目标是确定该系统是否可以帮助锁定患者， 以后的努力将致力于激活瘫痪的肌肉。 主席 Prentke Romich Inc.，巴里罗米奇先生对未来的职业化很感兴趣。

This research is designed to allow locked-in patients to control a computer. In Phase I, three paralyzed, locked-in patients were implanted with neurotrophic recording electrodes. The current patient, March 24, 1998, continues to perform word processing and produce synthetic speech. For Phase II, the applicants propose to implant long-term neurotrophic electrodes in the voluntary cortex of six cognitively intact locked-in humans. The investigators expect to provide them with control of a computer cursor and aim to separate the individual signals and teach the patient to control different aspects of cursor movement such as speed, accuracy and direction. They also expect to determine if the cortex controlling the signals can be dedicated to cursor control. They aim to develop software to detect signal patterns, implement adaptive controls, improve patient training, automate collection of data, assess alternative communicative methods such as iconic languages, and provide access to the Internet. They will modify and miniaturize the present electronics to provide a single-stage power induction system supplying six electrodes that ought to provide multi-dimensional control. Data from the present patients have demonstrated an alternative means of communication for locked-in patients. Phase III will bring these technologies to many more patients. Current efforts also suggest that movements might be restored to spinal cord injured patients. PROPOSED COMMERCIAL APPLICATION: There are 500,000 "locked-in" patients worldwide, including 30,000 ALS patients in the USA. In addition, there are 250,000 quadriplegics and paraplegics in the USA and 3,750,000 worldwide, many of whom could benefit if the system could be used to control paralyzed muscles. A major aim of Phase III is to determine if the system can assist locked-in patients, and later efforts will be directed towards activating paralyzed muscles. The chairman of Prentke Romich Inc., Mr. Barry Romich, is interested in future commercilization.