Scene Perception and Visual Memory

自然景物的视觉感知是一个动态的过程，在这个过程中，局部物体通过眼睛和注意的运动被选择。场景感知的选择性本质对场景的视觉表征的构建有很强的约束，因为先前选择的项目必须保留在记忆中并整合以形成整个场景的表征。本研究的目的是探讨在观看自然场景时所建构的视觉表征的本质。变化检测和被迫选择歧视程序将被用来调查四个主要问题。第一，视觉表征是否会在注意力从物体上撤出时衰退，关注物体是否是检测该物体变化的必要条件？第二，变化检测的限制（即变化盲视）仅仅来自视觉记忆的约束或检索和比较约束在变化检测失败中发挥作用？第三，空间位置在多大程度上介导了客体信息的提取。第四，在观看自然场景的过程中，对局部物体的视觉记忆衰减的速度有多快？本研究将有助于阐明自然场景视觉记忆的特异性、视觉记忆与注意的关系以及视觉记忆的编码和提取机制。

The visual perception of natural scenes is a dynamic process during which local objects are selected by movements of the eyes and attention. The selective nature of scene perception paces strong constraints on the construction of a visual representation of a scene, as previously selected items must be retained in memory and integrated to form a representation of the scene as a whole. The goal of the proposed research is to investigate the nature of the visual representation constructed during the viewing of natural scenes. Change detection and forced-choice discrimination procedures will be used to investigate four primary questions. First, do visual representations decay upon the withdrawal of attention from an object, and is attending to an object a necessary condition for detecting change to that object? Second, do limitations on change detection (i.e. change blindness) derive solely from constraints on visual memory or do retrieval and comparison constraints play a role in change detection failure? Third, to what extent is the retrieval of object information mediated by spatial position. Fourth, how quickly does visual memory for a local object decay during the viewing of a natural scene? This research will help to determine the specificity of visual memory for natural scenes, the relationship between visual memory attention, and the mechanisms of visual memory encoding and retrieval.