How to reduce the environmental footprint of people's diets

畜牧业被描述为气候变化被遗忘的部门，据估计占全球温室气体排放量的14.5%，超过了运输部门的直接排放量。然而，将在巴黎举行的COP21气候谈判会议上提出的120项国家计划中，没有一项提出减少肉类消费。除了对气候变化的影响外，这一重要而被忽视的主题还对土地使用、粮食安全和公共卫生产生影响。该研究项目建议调查哪些干预措施在减少人们肉类消费方面有效。研究将与大学、零售商和公共媒体合作，与剑桥大学的可持续发展生活实验室合作进行。将进行一些实验，包括：1)在提供了关于吃肉对环境、健康和动物福利的影响的信息后，对吃肉前后的实验进行比较。2)针对习惯性和无意识的行为，通过改变肉类和素食菜单选项和食物的突出程度、可及性和选择加入与退出。3)调查发明的持久性，在实验治疗停止后，消费模式是否仍然存在？4)调查干预的有效性如何随年龄、性别、政治观点等而变化。

Livestock hasbeen described as climate change's forgotten sector, contributing an estimated 14.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions, more than direct emissionsfrom the transport sector. Yet none of the 120 national plans to be presented at the COP21 Climate Negotiations in Paris propose reducing meatconsumption. In addition to the implications for climate change this important and overlooked topic also has impacts on land use, food security and publichealth. The research project proposes investigating which interventions are effective in reducing people's meat consumption. Reserach will be carried outwith colleges, retailers and public outlets in collaboration with Cambridge University's Living Laboratory for Sustainability. A number of experiments will becarried out including: 1) Experimental before/after comparisons on meat consumption after the provision of information on the environmental, health andanimal welfare impacts of eating meat. 2) Targeting habitual and automatic behaviours, by changing the prominence, accessibility and opt-in vs op-out ofmeat and vegetarian menu options and foodstuffs. 3) Investigating the permanence of inteventions, do consumption patterns persist after experimentaltreatments stop? 4) Investigating how the effectiveness of interventions varies with age, gender, political views, etc.