Resilient Descent and Landing Design and Analysis for Spacecraft Exploration

英国航天局（UKSA）资助了一项由空客DS斯蒂夫尼奇公司（ADS-STV）和布里斯托尔大学（UoB）进行的研究，该研究确定了在实践状态和最先进的制导和控制（G&C）指挥法中用于自主下降和降落在小物体上的通用结构。这导致提出了一个新的G&C框架，该框架建立在现有的基于着陆的经典制导技术（例如，比例导航制导PNG，最优自由/约束终端速度制导FTVG/CTVG），非线性方法（滑模控制SMC）和最近的鲁棒控制非平滑调谐优化器之上。该研究显示了所考虑的G&C技术和框架的可行性，并提供了对问题的理解和成功转移到工业所需的进展。该博士学位将建立在上述UKSA研究的基础上，但侧重于集成G&C设计和分析框架的定义，该框架能够解决已确定的（鲁棒和非线性）问题。在协调设计和分析过程的过程中，将考虑建模和分析认知和认知任务效应（包括退化和故障）的分析技术。在火星卫星火卫一上下降和着陆的例子将被用作战略和原型研究案例——开发的设计和分析方法和工具将应用于ADS-STV非线性、高保真功能工程模拟器（FES），用于该任务（目前正在评估为ESA的下一个探索任务）。

A UK Space Agency (UKSA) funded study performed by Airbus DS Stevenage (ADS-STV) and the University of Bristol (UoB) has identified a common structure in both state-of-practice and state-of-the-art guidance and control (G&C) command laws for autonomous descent and landing on small bodies. This led to proposing a new G&C framework built upon existing classical-based guidance techniques for landing (e.g. Proportional Navigation Guidance PNG, and optimal Free/Constrained Terminal Velocity Guidance FTVG/CTVG), to nonlinear approaches (Sliding Mode Control SMC) and including recent robust control non-smooth tuning optimizers. The study showed the feasibility of the considered G&C techniques and framework, as well as providing understanding on the issues and required advances for successful transfer to Industry. This PhD will build on the aforementioned UKSA study but focus on the definition of an integrated G&C design and analysis framework capable of addressing the identified (robust and nonlinear) issues. Analytical techniques for modelling and analysis of epistemic and aleatory mission effects (including degradation and malfunctions) will be considered in the pursuit of reconciling the design and the analysis processes. The example of descent and landing on the Martian moon Phobos will be used as both a strategic and archetypal study case -the developed design and analysis methods and tools will be applied to ADS-STV nonlinear, high-fidelity functional engineering simulator (FES) for this mission (which is currently being evaluated as ESA's next exploration mission).