A SCHOOL PROGRAM TO ENHANCE BONE HEALTH IN GIRLS

描述(根据申请者的描述改编)：骨质疏松症是一种 起源于儿科的老年病。峰值骨量的发展， 这是在生命的第三个十年实现的，受到行为的影响 在儿童和青春期，最显著的是钙的摄入和 体力活动。在青春期，45%的成人骨骼质量 成年人身高增加了15%。国家和地方调查表明， 青春期女孩钙摄入量不足，低于推荐摄入量 体力活动水平。尽管校本项目显示出了希望 在影响心血管健康的危险因素方面，应用 以行为为基础的以骨骼健康为目标的计划一直受到限制。这个 这项提案的主要目标是开发和评估以学校为基础的 营养和身体活动计划，称为骨骼(现在就击败骨质疏松症 通过锻炼和节食)，以增强女孩未来的骨骼健康。 骨骼计划的要素将基于社会认知理论(SCT) 并将包括行为(以学生为中心的课堂课程)和 环境(学校餐饮服务、体育)组成部分。这个 该计划将包括两个阶段：可行性试验，其中干预 材料和措施将进行预试和验证，主要 干预试验。来自中环的18所不同种族的中学 德克萨斯州将被随机分为控制或干预条件，学校 作为随机化和分析的单位。其中九所学校将 接受为期2年的干预(Bones)，而对照学校将 继续他们通常的健康计划。据推测，中国的学生 干预学校将平均(1)增加3%的跟骨 超声僵硬指数，(2)每天多摄入2份钙- 包含食物，以及(3)每天多锻炼17分钟 与对照学校的学生进行比较。次要假设在 学生层面为：干预学生将(1)表现得更高 自我效能感、骨骼健康知识、含钙食物得分 和锻炼；以及(2)平均钙摄入量较高，平均较高 年学生每天负重型锻炼的频率比较 控制学校。学校层面的次要假设是： 干预学校将提供(1)更多含钙食物；以及(2) 比对照学校有更多的负重活动机会。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Applicant's Description): Osteoporosis is a geriatric disease that has pediatric origins. Development of peak bone mass, which is achieved by the third decade of life, is influenced by behaviors during childhood and adolescence, most notably calcium consumption and physical activity. During the pubertal years, 45% of the adult skeletal mass and 15% of adult height are gained. National and local surveys indicate that adolescent girls have inadequate calcium intakes and lower than recommended levels of physical activity. Although school-based programs have shown promise in affecting risk factors for cardiovascular health, application of behaviorally-based programs to target bone health have been limited. The primary goal of this proposal is to develop and evaluate a school-based nutrition and physical activity program, called BONES (Beat Osteoporosis Now by Exercising and Eating Smart), to enhance future bone health in girls. Elements of the BONES program will be based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and will include both behavioral (student-oriented classroom lessons) and environmental (school food service, physical education) components. The program will consist of two phases: a feasibility trial in which intervention materials and measures will be pre-tested and validated, and the main intervention trial. Eighteen ethnically diverse middle schools from central Texas will be randomized into control or intervention conditions, with schools serving as the unit of randomization and analysis. Nine of the schools will receive the 2-year intervention (BONES), while the control schools will continue their usual health programs. It is hypothesized that students in intervention schools will, on average, (1) have a 3% greater calcaneus ultrasound Stiffness Index, (2) consume 2 more servings/day of calcium- containing foods, and (3) engage in 17 more minutes/day of vigorous physical activity compared to students in the control schools. Secondary hypotheses at the student level are: intervention students will (1) demonstrate higher scores in self-efficacy, knowledge of bone health, calcium-containing foods and exercise; and (2) have higher mean intakes of calcium and average greater frequencies of weight bearing type exercises per day compared to students in the control schools. Secondary hypotheses at the school level are: intervention schools will offer (1) more calcium-containing foods; and (2) more opportunities for weight-bearing activities than control schools.