New Hispanic Communities and HIV Risk

描述（由申请人提供）：由于艾滋病毒大流行的地点和受影响的人群不断变化，因此研究移动的和流动人口的风险行为至关重要。越来越重要的是，要认识和研究决定风险的态度和行为，因为它们是跨境运输的，随着人们适应新环境而变化。虽然拟议的研究将在纽约市和附近的县进行，但所吸取的经验教训对该国其他地区的政策和预防规划以及对关于艾滋病毒和移动的人口的国际研究具有影响。本研究提出了定性和定量的研究方法，以确定和描述新的西班牙裔移民和移民人口和他们的艾滋病毒风险在大都会纽约地区，在全国受艾滋病毒/艾滋病和移民的影响最大的地区之一。对于这些日益增加的、基本上被隐藏起来的人口，既没有准确的人口估计数，也没有可靠的血清阳性反应率数据，他们害怕被驱逐出境、耻辱和无法与之沟通的制度。研究将在城市、郊区和农村地区进行，不仅比较影响艾滋病毒和性传播感染风险的文化因素，而且比较为风险和预防提供背景的环境因素。研究将侧重于最近抵达的墨西哥人、中美洲人（萨尔瓦多、洪都拉斯和危地马拉）和多米尼加人社区。该研究将分三个阶段进行：第一年将致力于人种学探索，确定和描述社区及其艾滋病毒风险。第二年将以第一年的结果为基础，对目标人群中的640人进行调查。第三年将致力于完成调查，数据分析和结果的传播。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Because the HIV pandemic undergoes continual change in its locations and affected populations, it is crucial to study the risk behaviors of mobile and migrant populations. It is increasingly important to recognize and study the attitudes and behaviors which determine risk as they are transported across borders, changing as people adapt to new environments. While the proposed research will be carried out in New York City and nearby counties, the lessons learned have implications for policy and prevention planning for other areas of the country and for international research on HIV and mobile populations. This study proposes both qualitative and quantitative research methods to identify and describe new Hispanic migrant and immigrant populations and their HIV risk in the Metropolitan New York Area, one of the most affected in the nation by HIV/AIDS and immigration. Neither accurate population estimates nor reliable seroprevalence data exist for these increasing and largely hidden and hiding populations who fear deportation, stigma and a system with which they cannot communicate. The research will be conducted in urban, sub-urban and rural locations, and compare not only the cultural factors which influence risk of HIV and STIs, but also the environmental factors which provide the context for both risk and prevention. The research will focus upon recently arrived Mexican, Central American (Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala) and Dominican communities in these three types of locations. The study will be conducted in three phases: Year 1 will be dedicated to ethnographic exploration, identifying and describing the communities and their HIV risk. Year 2 will build upon the results from Year 1 and will implement a survey with 640 individuals in the target populations. Year 3 will be dedicated to completing the survey, data analysis, and the dissemination of results.